Table 2.

Summary of the main differential metabolites of different DFCs after fermentation.

Sample	Metabolite	VIP	log2(FC)	p Value
	Betaine	1.82	−2.8745↓	4.60 × 10−7
DFC1	Propionate	1.81	2.5899↑	1.94 × 10−3
	Acetate	1.81	2.0674↑	7.80 × 10−6
	Succinate	1.8	1.9312↑	3.12 × 10−7
	Choline	1.57	−1.743↓	6.52 × 10−6
	Acetate	1.56	2.2618↑	1.28 × 10−5
	Lactate	1.56	1.2105↑	2.05 × 10−4
DFC2	Butyrate	1.55	2.6224↑	1.17 × 10−4
	α−glucose	1.55	−1.3696↓	1.72 × 10−4
	Aspartate	1.54	−2.2891↓	1.84 × 10−4
	Propionate	1.53	2.5354↑	1.99 × 10−3
	Alanine	1.49	−2.2754↓	2.64 × 10−3
	Choline	1.84	−1.7430↓	6.52 × 10−6
	Lactate	1.83	1.0098↑	5.03 × 10−4
DFC3	Acetate	1.74	2.1470↑	2.45 × 10−3
	Propionate	1.73	2.4202↑	1.60 × 10−5
	Alanine	1.62	−2.0183↓	4.97 × 10−3
	α−glucose	1.58	−1.0441↓	1.75 × 10−5

Note: “↑” indicates an increase in the relative abundance of metabolites after DFC intervention. “↓” indicates that the relative abundance of metabolites decreased after DFC intervention.