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. 2022 Nov 30;19(23):16067. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316067

Table 3.

Binary logistic model of the three fear measures.

Covariate Levels of Covariate Fearful Index, All
(N = 18,595)
Afraid of the Future, All
(N = 20,307)
Afraid of Physical Injury, All
(N = 14,008)
n p OR 95% CI n p OR 95% CI n p OR 95% CI
Gender Female 11,233 0.000 2.079 (1.797,2.406) 12,490 0.000 2.217 (2.095, 2.346) 8681 0.000 1.709 (1.581, 1.848)
Age Age 0.068 0.001 0.000
18–24 2418 0.162 1.201 (0.929, 1.552) 2619 0.320 1.051 (0.953, 1.158) 1697 0.000 1.463 (1.274, 1.681)
25–34 2841 0.009 1.415 (1.090, 1.837) 3065 0.007 1.152 (1.039, 1.276) 2223 0.000 1.446 (1.250, 1.671)
35–44 3829 0.088 1.271 (0.965, 1.674) 4239 0.000 1.270 (1.140, 1.415) 2767 0.000 1.357 (1.156, 1.594)
45–54 3664 0.015 1.368 (1.061, 1.762) 3995 0.002 1.176 (1.064, 1.301) 2868 0.000 1.324 (1.150, 1.524)
55–64 2860 0.009 1.423 (1.094, 1.851) 3115 0.135 1.084 (0.975, 1.205) 2327 0.019 1.192 (1.029, 1.382)
Parenthood Parents 5837 0.015 1.263 (1.047, 1.523) 6297 0.196 1.053 (0.974, 1.139) 4704 0.030 1.129 (1.012, 1.261)
faith 0.000 0.000 0.000
Ultra-orthodox 940 0.011 0.641 (0.454, 0.904) 1017 0.000 0.673 (0.589, 0.769) 661 0.000 0.697 (0.576, 0.844)
Religious 2114 0.005 0.696 (0.539, 0.898) 2275 0.000 0.811 (0.740, 0.889) 1461 0.026 0.860 (0.754, 0.982)
Traditional 4813 0.000 1.386 (1.190, 1.614) 5343 0.000 1.135 (1.061, 0.851) 3722 0.000 1.294 (1.184, 1.414)
Education 0.000 0.000 0.000
Non Academic 8746 0.212 1.124 (0.935, 1.351) 9674 0.000 0.831 (0.769, 0.898) 6444 0.000 0.743 (0.673, 0.820)
Academic 6471 0.013 0.768 (0.624, 0.945) 6986 0.000 0.783 (0.721, 0.851) 4837 0.000 0.585 (0.525, 0.652)
Income 0.000 0.002 0.000
Low 3642 0.000 1.535 (1.265, 1.861) 4045 0.002 1.142 (1.049, 1.244) 2644 0.000 1.436 (1.284, 1.607)
Medium-High 8308 0.628 0.957 (0.802, 1.143) 9039 0.976 1.001 (0.933, 1.071) 6218 0.612 1.025 (0.933, 1.126)
High 1885 0.664 0.940 (0.710, 1.244) 2091 0.447 0.960 (0.864, 1.067) 1332 0.002 0.775 (0.661, 0.908)
constant 0.000 0.021 0.000 0.670 0.000 0.243

Note: Abbreviations: p, p-value; OR, Odds Ratio; CI, 95% Confidence Intervals; SES, Socioeconomic status.