Table 2.
A list of studies since 2000 describing effects of 3- and 6-phytase supplemented individually at different levels in diets for nursery pigs.
| Duration, Day of Age | Type | Activity, FTU/kg Feed |
% Change * | Reference ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 42–70 | 3-phytase | 0–1200 | ADG 1 (14%), G:F 2 (8%), inorganic plasma P 3 (6%) | [160] |
| 28–63 | 3-phytase | 0–2500 | ADG (21%), Ca 4 digestibility (20%), P digestibility (60%) | [161] |
| 15–38 | 3-phytase | 0–400 | ADG (20%), G:F (12%), bone ash (15%) | [90] |
| 21–56 | 3-phytase | 0–1250 | ADG (34%), ADFI 5 (19%), G:F (18%) | [162] |
| 18–46 | 3-phytase | 0–500 | Stomach phytate hydrolysis (75%), ileum phytate hydrolysis (15%), rectum phytate hydrolysis (15%), bone ash (19%), P digestibility (40%), histidine digestibility (7%) | [163] |
| 18–32 | 3-phytase | 0–500 | ADG (15%), plasma P (89%), liver P (6%) | [164] |
| 27–46 | 3-phytase | 0–750 | ADFI (8%), plasma zinc, (54%), plasma alkaline phosphatase activity (67%), bone zinc (43%), liver zinc (26%) | [165] |
| 27–46 | 3-phytase | 0–700 | ADG (22%), ADFI (14%), G:F (22%), plasma zinc (71%), plasma P (10%), alkaline phosphatase activity (71%), bone ash (9%), bone zinc (48%), bone P (2%) | [166] |
| 31–59 | 3-phytase | 0–1000 | ADG (17%), bone ash (6%), Ca digestibility (23%), P digestibility (68%) | [103] |
| 18–46 | 3-phytase | 0–350 | ADG (6%), ADFI (6%), G:F (4%), bone ash (4%), bending moment (16%) | [167] |
| 28–70 | 3-phytase | 0–750 | ADG (6%), final body weight (5%) | [168] |
| ND 6 | 6-phytase | 0–500 | Ca digestibility (13%), P digestibility (40%) | [169] |
| ND | 6-phytase | 0–600 | ADG (11%), body weight (7%), plasma P (24%) | [170] |
| 18–37 | 6-phytase | 0–500 | G:F (1%), no changes in other parameters | [171] |
| 20–34 | 6-phytase | 0–500 | Plasma zinc (5%), Ca retention (4%), P retention (3%) | [172] |
| 28–71 | 6-phytase | 0–15,000 | ADG (28%), ADFI (22%), G:F (9%), ash digestibility (25%), Ca digestibility (25%), P digestibility (60%) | [173] |
| 30–58 | 6-phytase | 0–12,500 | ADG (34%), ADFI (17%), G:F (22%), BBS 7 (51%), ash content (47%), P absorption (63%), Ca absorption (46%), N 8 absorption (36%) | [174] |
| 42–84 | 6-phytase | 0–2000 | Femur strength yield-bending moment (12%), femur strength strain (17%), femur strength maximum bending moment (3%), femur zinc content (17%) | [175] |
| 26–47 | 6-phytase | 0–500 | ADG (17%), G:F (11%), CP 9 digestibility (9%), P digestibility (16%), bone ash (6%), bone P (4%) | [176] |
| 21–63 | 6-phytase | 0–2500 | ADG (2%), final body weight (1%), serum P (5%), serum zinc (60%) | [177] |
| 28–56 | 6-phytase | 0–20,000 | ADG (22%), ADFI (14%), G:F (9%), BBS (43%), bone ash weight (28%), DM 10 digestibility (4%), GE digestibility (4%), CP digestibility (5%), Ca digestibility (36%), P digestibility (49%), inositol hexaphosphate digestibility (86%), lysine digestibility (5%), threonine digestibility (6%), valine digestibility (5%) | [178] |
| 35–63 | 6-phytase | 0–20,000 | ADG (22%), FCR 11 (−11%), DM digestibility (2%), GE 12 digestibility (2%), CP digestibility (4%), Ca digestibility (37%), P digestibility (52%), BBS (37%), bone ash (32%), bone Ca (35%), plasma P (14%) | [179] |
| 28–48 | 6-phytase | 0–2500 | ADG (20%), P fecal digestibility (23%), plasma copper (−21%) | [180] |
| 40–61 | 6-phytase | 0–1000 | ADG (15%), ADFI (56%), G:F (10%), bone weight (24%), bone ash (15%) | [181] |
| 21–63 | 6-phytase | 0–4000 | ADG (7%), G:F (3%), bone ash (10%) | [182] |
| 28–70 | 6-phytase | 0–2500 | ADFI (−9%), FCR (−8%), stomach pH (−20%) | [183] |
| 21–62 | 6-phytase | 0–4000 | ADG (21%), ADFI (25%), P digestibility (54%), BBS (28%), bone ash (14%) | [184] |
| 32–41 | 6-phytase | 0–2000 | AID 13 (27%) and ATTD 14 (46%) of P, ATTD of Ca (16%), N digestibility (11%), inositol hexaphosphate digestibility (53%), lysine digestibility (8%), threonine digestibility (8%), valine digestibility (9%) | [185] |
| 21–70 | 6-phytase | 0–2000 | ADG (35%), ADFI (17%), G:F (11%), P digestibility (26%), Ca digestibility (14%), Ca absorption (37%), P absorption (32%), plasma myo-inositol (39%), duodenum myo-inositol (68%), ileum myo-inositol (87%), inositol hexaphosphate hydrolysis (98%) | [186] |
| ND | 6-phytase | 0–2000 | ADG (7%), ADFI (6%), G:F (1%) | [187] |
| 21–42 | 6-phytase | 0–1000 | ADG (27%), ADFI (13%), BBS (48%), bone ash (22%), bone Ca (17%), bone P (25%) | [188] |
| 31–59 | 6-phytase | 0–3000 | ADG (13%), AID (48%) and ATTD (31%) of P, GLUT2 15 gene expression (55%), ASCT2 16 gene expression (37%), CLDN3 17 gene expression (41%), duodenum-jejunum Inositol hexaphosphate (−92%), ileum inositol hexaphosphate (−95%), duodenum-jejunum myo-inositol (67%), ileum myo-inositol (80%) | [189] |
| ND | 6-phytase | 0–500 | ADG (18%), G:F (9%), bone ash (4%) | [190] |
| 35–77 | 6-phytase | 0–4000 | ADG (45%), bone mineral density (15%), bone mineral content (17%), fecal Lachnospiraceae (ND), fecal Succinvibrio (ND), fecal Bifidobacterium (ND) | [191] |
| ND | 6-phytase | 0–16,000 | Stomach pH (−16%), fecal score (−14%), diarrhea frequency (−41%) | [192] |
| 26–68 | 6-phytase | 0–500 | ADG (22%), ADFI (15%), Ca digestibility (25%), P digestibility (78%), bone ash (18%) | [193] |
| 21–66 | 6-phytase | 0–5000 | ADG (20%), BBS (33%), bone ash (9%), P bone content (12%), CP digestibility (3%), EE 18 digestibility (11%), P digestibility (6%) | [84] |
* The described effects were in comparison with treatments without phytase supplementation. Described effects were considered significant with p < 0.05 and tendency with 0.05 ≤ p < 0.10. ** The references were selected from peer-reviewed literature available after 2000. 1 Average daily gain. 2 Gain to feed ratio. 3 Phosphorus. 4 Calcium. 5 Average daily feed intake. 6 No data. 7 Bone breaking strength. 8 Nitrogen 9 Crude protein. 10 Dry matter. 11 Feed conversion ratio. 12 Gross energy. 13 Apparent ileal digestibility. 14 Apparent total tract digestibility. 15 Glucose transporter type 2. 16 Neutral amino acid transporter. 17 Claudin 3. 18 Ether extract.