Table 3.
Associations between pre-diagnosis sleep status and overall survival among ovarian cancer patients.
| Sleep Parameters | Deaths, N (% of Total Deaths) |
Model 1 a HR (95% CI) | Model 2 b HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Night bedtime (hour in 24 h format) | |||
| Before 22:00 | 83/518 (16.02) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| After 22:00 | 40/151 (26.49) | 1.73 (1.19, 2.53) | 2.13 (1.42, 3.18) |
| the change of every 30 min | 1.39 (0.99, 1.95) | 1.49 (1.03, 2.16) | |
| Wake-up time (hour in 24 h format) | |||
| Before 6:00 | 86/465 (18.49) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| After 6:00 | 37/204 (18.14) | 1.03 (0.70, 1.52) | 1.07 (0.71, 1.61) |
| the change of every 30 min | 0.95 (0.69, 1.32) | 1.00 (0.71, 1.41) | |
| Night sleep duration (hours/day) | |||
| <7 | 58/276 (21.01) | 0.92 (0.61, 1.39) | 0.90 (0.59, 1.37) |
| ≥7 and <7.5 | 39/148 (26.35) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| ≥7.5 | 26/245 (10.61) | 0.43 (0.26, 0.71) | 0.40 (0.24, 0.67) |
| Daytime napping duration (hours/day) | |||
| No (0 h/day) | 38/258 (14.73) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Yes (> 0 h/day) | 85/411 (20.68) | 1.49 (1.01, 2.18) | 1.37 (0.93, 2.03) |
| the change of every 30 min | 1.20 (1.02, 1.41) | 1.15 (0.97, 1.37) | |
| Total sleep duration (hours/day) | |||
| <7.5 | 65/330 (19.70) | 0.61 (0.35, 1.08) | 0.80 (0.44, 1.47) |
| ≥7.5 and <8 | 15/55 (27.27) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| ≥8 | 43/284 (15.14) | 0.43 (0.24, 0.78) | 0.53 (0.29, 0.98) |
| Sleep quality | |||
| Good (PSQI score ≤ 5) | 39/317 (12.30) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Poor (PSQI score > 5) | 84/352 (23.86) | 2.31 (1.57, 3.39) | 2.43 (1.64, 3.62) |
| the change of every 1 score | 1.08 (1.04, 1.13) | 1.08 (1.04, 1.13) | |
| Sleep pattern | |||
| Early bed-early rise | 64/392 (16.33) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| Early bed-late rise | 19/126 (15.08) | 1.00 (0.60, 1.68) | 0.97 (0.57, 1.64) |
| Late bed-early rise | 22/73 (30.14) | 2.05 (1.26, 3.32) | 2.26 (1.37, 3.72) |
| Late bed-late rise | 18/78 (23.08) | 1.46 (0.86, 2.47) | 1.93 (1.09, 3.42) |
CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PSQI, Pittsburgh sleep quality index; Ref, reference. HR and 95% CI were calculated with the use of the Cox proportional hazards regression model. a Model 1: adjusted for age at diagnosis and body mass index. b Model 2: same as model 1 and further adjusted for physical activity, electronic product use, smoking, alcohol drinking, tea drinking, education level, family income per month, menopausal status, parity, histological type, histopathologic grade, FIGO stage, residual lesions, comorbidities, and rotating night shift work.