Table 5.
Heterogeneity analysis
| Dependent variable: Happiness (1–5) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A. Full sample | |||||||
| Age*quake | − 0.003** (0.001) | ||||||
| Middle school*quake | 0.056 (0.036) | ||||||
| High school*quake | 0.112** (0.044) | ||||||
| Pension*quake | 0.062 (0.037) | ||||||
| Medical insurance*quake | 0.294*** (0.041) | ||||||
| Baseline covariates | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
| Year FE | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
| Province FE | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
| Adjusted R2 | 0.082 | 0.082 | 0.059 | 0.061 | |||
| N1 | 3677 | 3677 | 2920 | 2965 | |||
| N | 32,205 | 32,205 | 27,152 | 27,525 | |||
| Panel B. Rural subsample | |||||||
| Age*Quake | − 0.001 (0.002) | ||||||
| Middle school*quake | 0.054 (0.055) | ||||||
| High school*quake | 0.006 (0.068) | ||||||
| Pension*quake | 0.314*** (0.099) | ||||||
| Medical insurance*quake | 0.624*** (0.065) | ||||||
| Baseline covariates | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
| Year FE | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
| Province FE | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||
| Adjusted R2 | 0.085 | 0.085 | 0.048 | 0.050 | |||
| N1 | 1986 | 1986 | 1321 | 1350 | |||
| N | 17,047 | 17,047 | 12,891 | 13,102 | |||
The dependent variable is self-reported happiness (1–5). The quake indicator is interacted with age, education dummies, a pension dummy, and a medical insurance dummy in columns (1) to (4), respectively. Columns (3) and (4) further control for the pension and medical insurance dummies. All the columns include interactions between each pair of the variables among Sichuan dummy, a post-earthquake dummy, and the characteristics used for the heterogeneity analysis. N and N1 represent sample size and the number of observations from Sichuan province, respectively. Standard errors, clustered at a province level, are shown in parentheses. *** significance at the 1% level, ** significance at the 5% level. FE: Fixed effect