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. 2022 Aug;23(8):2553–2559. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.8.2553

Table 3.

Grade Analysis for Certainty of Evidence for association between SLDH and PMDs

No of studies Design Certainty of evidence No of participants Effect
SLDH among PMDs and Healthy controls
Risk of Bias Inconsistency Indirectness Imprecision Other considerations PMDs Healthy controls Mean Difference (Relative 95% CI) Certainty
12 Observational studies (Case control) Not serious Not serious Not serious Not serious Strong association 281 255 199.57 (95.84-30.30)
MODERATE
SLDH among OSMF and Healthy controls
5 Observational studies (Case control) Not serious Not serious Not serious Not serious Strong association 145 140 2.57 (2.16-2.98)
MODERATE

CI, Confidence interval; OR, Odds ratio