Table 1.
Characteristics of clinical studies on the association between HDL-C–related inflammatory parameters and atherosclerosis
| Study | Year | Study population | Sample size | Outcomes | Adjusted, OR/HR (95% CI) | P | Cutoff value | AUC (95% CI) | Sen (%) | Spe (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karataş et al. [63] | 2016 | STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI | 513 | Inhospital MACE MHR < 13.90 | — | — | 20.400 | 0.639 P < 0.01 | 60.5 | 65.6 |
| 13.9 ≤ MHR ≤ 22.90 | 1.320 (0.660–2.660) | 0.430 | ||||||||
| MHR>22.90 | 2.810 (1.480–5.320) | <0.010 | ||||||||
| MHR* | 1.020 (1.010–1.040) | <0.010 | ||||||||
| Çiçek et al. [64] | 2016 | STEMI patients undergoing successful primary PCI | 682 | Short-term mortality MHR* Long-term mortality | 2.046 (1.701–2.462) | <0.001 | 2.170 | 0.840 (0.812–0.868) | 81.8 | 78.1 |
| MHR < 1.16 | — | — | ||||||||
| 1.16 ≤ MHR ≤ 1.59 | 7.854 (0.977–63.112) | 0.053 | ||||||||
| 1.60 ≤ MHR ≤ 2.21 | 5.224 (0.582–46.911) | 0.140 | ||||||||
| MHR>2.21 | 43.559 (5.986–316.994) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Balta et al. [65] | 2016 | STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI | 600 | No-reflow phenomenon MHR | 1.090 (1.070–1.120) | <0.001 | 22.500 | 0.768 (0.725–0.811) | 70.2 | 73.3 |
| Arisoy et al. [66] | 2017 | STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI | 414 | High thrombus burden MHR | 1.067 (1.031–1.105) | <0.001 | 19.700 | 0.688 (0.641–0.733) | 60.5 | 69.6 |
| Sağ et al. [67] | 2017 | STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI | 209 | Contrast-induced nephropathy MHR | 4.480 (1.380–14.500) | <0.010 | 0.950 | 0.780 P < 0.01 | 75.1 | 74.9 |
| Çağdaş et al. [68] | 2018 | STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI | 264 | SYNTAX Score II > 34.20 MHR | 1.027 (1.013–1.041) | <0.001 | 13.900 | 0.786 P < 0 0.01 | 76.0 | 74.0 |
| Avci et al. [69] | 2018 | STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI | 448 | Bare stent restenosis MHR ≤ 1.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1.33 < MHR < 2.07 | 1.210 (1.050–1.590) | 0.040 | ||||||||
| MHR ≥ 2.07 | 1.650 (1.190–2.300) | <0.010 | ||||||||
| MHR* | 1.030 (1.020–1.060) | <0.010 | ||||||||
| Ulus et al. [70] | 2018 | ACS patients undergoing primary/urgent PCI | 647 | Contrast-induced nephropathy MHR | 1.085 (1.051–1.121) | <0.001 | 17.420 | 0.700 (.664–.736) | 65.7 | 64.0 |
| Ma et al. [71] | 2022 | ACS patients undergoing PCI | 1720 | MACE MHR < 7.70 | — | — | 9.900 | 0.594(0.562-0.627) | 57.5 | 59.2 |
| 7.7 ≤ MHR ≤ 11.30 | 1.450 (1.080–1.950) | 0.013 | ||||||||
| MHR ≥ 11.30 | 1.760 (1.300–2.400) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| MHR* | 1.030 (1.010–1.050) | 0.004 | ||||||||
| Yilmaz et al. [72] | 2016 | CAD patients undergoing successful bare-mental stenting | 705 | Bare-mental stent restenosis MHR | 1.290 (1.150–1.490) | <0.001 | 143.100 | 0.790 (0.710–0.900) | 79 | 71 |
| Wu et al. [73] | 2019 | CAD patients undergoing PCI | 673 | All-cause mortality MHR* MACE | 3.655 (1.170–11.419) | 0.026 | Not reported | 0.714 p =.006 | 78.6 | 61.5 |
| MHR ≤ 0.19 | — | — | ||||||||
| 0.19 < MHR ≤ 0.33 | 1.652 (0.844–3.233) | 0.143 | ||||||||
| 0.33 < MHR ≤ 0.53 | 2.831 (1.433–5.596) | 0.003 | ||||||||
| MHR>0.53 | 3.258 (1.604–6.619) | 0.001 | ||||||||
| MHR* | 2.390 (1.379–4.143) | 0.002 | ||||||||
| Zhang et al. [74] | 2020 | CAD patients undergoing PCI | 5679 | Long-term mortality MHR < 0.40 | 0.658 (0.480–0.903) | 0.009 | — | 0.600 (0.529–0.670) | — | — |
| 0.40 ≤ MHR < 0.61 | 0.712 (0.538–0.941) | 0.017 | ||||||||
| Açikgöz et al. [75] | 2016 | STEMI patients | 1598 | Inhospital MACE MHR | 1.501 (1.015–1.993) | 0.022 | — | — | — | — |
| Five-year MACE MHR | 1.285 (1.064–1.552) | 0.009 | ||||||||
| Sercelik et al. [76] | 2018 | STEMI patients | 161 | TIMI score ≥ 2 MHR | 2.340(1.275–4.297) | 0.006 | 2.409 | 0.669 (0.569–0.8769) | 43.1 | 87.2 |
| Eyyupkoca et al. [77] | 2022 | STEMI patients | 231 | Adverse cardiac remodeling MHR | 3.210 (1.510–840) | 0.002 | 1.600 | 0.840 (0.780–0.880) | 92.7 | 70.1 |
| Cetin et al. [78] | 2016 | ACS patients | 2661 | Long-term MACE MHR | 1.440 (1.234–1.681) | <0.001 | 142.900 | 0.806 (0.785–0.827) | 81.5 | 71.2 |
| Oylumlu et al. [79] | 2021 | ACS patients | 825 | Long-term mortality MHR | 1.027 (1.012–1.043) | <0.001 | — | — | — | — |
| Akboga et al. [80] | 2016 | CAD patients | 1229 | SYNTAX score ≥ 23 MHR | 1.083(1.060–1.108) | <0.001 | — | — | — | — |
| Kundi et al. [81] | 2016 | CAD patients | 428 | SYNTAX score ≥ 23 MHR | 0.474 (0.009–0.019) | <0.001 | 24.000 | 0.750 (0.700–0.769) | 66.0 | 65.1 |
| Kalyoncuoglu et al. [82] | 2020 | NSTEMI patients undergoing PCI | 426 | Slow flow/no-reflow MHR | 1.174 (1.006–1.371) | 0.040 | 1.900 | 0.741 (0.697–0.782) | 73.0 | 65.0 |
| Nan et al. [83] | 2020 | NSTEMI patients undergoing drug-eluting stenting | 214 | Drug-eluting stent restenosis MHR | 1.020 (1.010–1.030) | 0.041 | 402.500 | 0.650 (0.540–0.750) | 62.5 | 63.7 |
| Zhang et al. [84] | 2016 | Suspected patients undergoing coronary angiography | 3798 | Long-term MACE MHR | 2.031(1.268–3.254) | 0.003 | — | 0.562 (0.530–0.594) | — | — |
| Tok et al. [85] | 2016 | Angina pectoris patients undergoing successful bare-mental stenting | 831 | Bare stent restenosis 7 ≤ MHR ≤ 10 | — | — | 14.000 | 0.746 <.001 | 71.0 | 69.0 |
| 12 ≤ MHR ≤ 15 | 1.020 (0.750–1.320) | 0.740 | ||||||||
| 18 ≤ MHR ≤ 24 | 1.450 (1.060–1.880) | 0.001 | ||||||||
| Li et al. [86] | 2021 | T2DM patients with NSTEMI undergoing PCI | 1405 | Inhospital MACE MHR | 8.360(1.570–44.470) | 0.013 | 0.022 | 0.722 (0.510–0.933) | 75.0 | 72.7 |
| Kou et al. [87] | 2021 | Suspected patients undergoing coronary angiography | 404 | CAD presence NHR | 1.163 (1.034–1.308) | 0.012 | 1.510 | 0.617 (0.560–0.675) | 94.8 | 7.6 |
| Başyiğit et al. [88] | 2022 | Patients with documented ischemia | 306 | Significant coronary stenosis NHR | 2.084 (1.147–3.786) | 0.016 | 103.200 | 0.607 (0.535–0.678) | 61.2 | 58.1 |
| Huang et al. [89] | 2020 | Elderly AMI patients | 528 | Long-term mortality NHR | 1.960 (1.020–3.750) | 0.044 | 5.740 | 0.690 (0.630–0.760) | 77.6 | 50.8 |
| Long-term recurrent MI NHR | 2.230 (1.040–4.790) | 0.040 | ||||||||
| Wu et al. [90] | 2021 | CAD patients undergoing PCI | 5679 | All-cause mortality ACS-WHR | 2.036 (1.258–3.296) | 00.004 | — | — | — | — |
| HR stable CAD-WHR | 1.586 (1.178–2.136) | 0.002 | ||||||||
| Luo et al. [91] | 2021 | Subjects undergoing coronary angiography | 420 | Presence of CAD CHR | 1.178 (1.016–1.366) | 0.030 | 1.170 | 0.662 (0.606–0.719) | 39.7 | 86.7 |
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; AUC, area under the curve; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHR, C-reactive protein to HDL-C ratio; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MACE, major adverse cardiac events; MHR, monocyte to HDL-C ratio; NHR, neutrophil to HDL-C ratio; NSTEMI, non-ST segment elevated myocardial infarction; OR, odds ratio; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; Sen, sensitivity; Spe, specificity; STEMI, ST segment elevated myocardial infarction; M, diabetes mellitus type 2; WHR, white blood cell to HDL-C ratio.