Table 1.
Characteristics of study variables by race and sex
| Characteristic | Whites (n = 929) | Blacks (n = 462) | P for Race Difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males (n = 408) |
Females (n = 521) |
Males (n = 186) |
Females (n = 276) |
Males | Females | |
| Childhood | ||||||
| Age (yr) | 9.7 (3.0) | 9.3 (3.1) | 9.6 (2.9) | 9.2 (2.9) | 0.887 | 0.729 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.6 (3.42) | 17.4 (3.3) | 17.2 (3.3) | 17.4 (3.7) | 0.238 | 0.736 |
| Adulthood | ||||||
| Age (yr) | 44.4 (7.3) | 44.3 (7.0) | 44.5 (6.9) | 44.7 (7.5) | 0.933 | 0.461 |
| Follow-up years | 34.8 (6.2) | 35.0 (5.9) | 34.9 (6.0) | 35.5 (6.2) | 0.868 | 0.292 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.5 (6.3) | 29.4 (7.3)* | 30.3 (8.0) | 33.5 (8.6)* | 0.760 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.8 (13.1) | 115.0 (12.9)* | 130.8 (17.1) | 124.9 (18.9)* | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79.8 (9.6) | 75.1 (9.5)* | 84.2 (12.6) | 81.1 (11.9)* | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 122.0 (37.2) | 121.9 (33.3) | 113.8 (37.7) | 114.1 (36.3) | 0.014 | 0.002 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 41.9 (11.6) | 54.3 (15.2)* | 52.1 (16.4) | 54.9 (15.0) | <0.001 | 0.570 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 152.1 (85.7) | 125.9 (69.1)* | 120.8 (79.9) | 100.4 (54.6)* | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| AIP† | 3.2 [2.0, 5.3] | 2.1 [1.3, 3.3]* | 2.0 [1.3, 3.2] | 1.6 [1.1, 2.5]* | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 101.2 (27.1) | 94.9 (24.9)* | 100.9 (31.0) | 101.0 (33.6) | 0.889 | 0.003 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 127 (31.1) | 177 (34.0) | 80 (43.0) | 80 (29.0)* | 0.006 | 0.176 |
| Drinker, n (%) | 194 (47.6) | 220 (42.2) | 102 (54.8) | 114 (41.3)* | 0.119 | 0.861 |
| AUC | ||||||
| Average age (yr) | 24.9 (4.5) | 24.5 (4.6) | 24.1 (4.6) | 24.0 (4.6) | 0.050 | 0.134 |
| BMI AUC (kg/m2) | 26.0 (4.6) | 25.1 (5.4)* | 25.8 (5.6) | 27.7 (6.3)* | 0.642 | <0.001 |
| Adult cIMT (mm) | ||||||
| Composite | 0.80 (0.19) | 0.71 (0.14)* | 0.84 (0.17) | 0.80 (0.19)* | 0.036 | <0.001 |
| Internal | 0.85 (0.35) | 0.76 (0.35)* | 0.88 (0.38) | 0.81 (0.38) | 0.394 | 0.061 |
| Bulb | 1.21 (0.55) | 1.06 (0.45)* | 1.12 (0.41) | 1.10 (0.39) | 0.054 | 0.183 |
| Common | 0.95 (0.30) | 0.84 (0.25)* | 0.95 (0.27) | 0.90 (0.25) | 0.742 | 0.002 |
Data are presented as mean (SD) or median [interquartile range].
BMI=body mass index; SBP=systolic blood pressure; DBP=diastolic blood pressure; LDLC=low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDLC=high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG=Triglycerides; AIP=atherogenic index of plasma (TG/HDLC); AUC=area under the curve; cIMT=carotid intima-media thickness
*
, P < 0.05 for sex difference within racial groups
†
, median [interquartile range]