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. 2022 Dec 8;15:17562864221138147. doi: 10.1177/17562864221138147

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© The Author(s), 2022

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 3. — Multivariate analyses of the QOL of epilepsy people before PSM and effects of depression, anxiety, and SSD on the QOL of PWE after PSM.

Multivariate analysis revealed that unemployed [β (95% CI): –2.8 (−5.1, −0.6), p = 0.014], low monthly household income [β (95% CI): –2.5 (−4.6, −0.5), p = 0.017], history of craniotomy [β (95% CI): –5.0 (−8.6, −1.4), p = 0.007], frequent seizures [β (95% CI): –3.0 (−5.3, −0.7), p = 0.012], DRE [β (95% CI): –2.9 (−5.4, −0.3), p = 0.028], depression (95% CI): –11.0 (−13.8, −8.3), p < 0.001), SSD (95% CI): –7.8 (−10.1, −5.5), p < 0.001), and anxiety (95% CI): –6.5 (−9.4, −3.6), p < 0.001) were independent indicators of the QOL of PWE. After PSM, the multivariate analysis results indicated that depression, SSD, and anxiety all had an independent effect on QOL in PWE (all p < 0.001). Moreover, depression had the greatest effect in reducing QOLIE-31 scores, followed by SSD and anxiety (β: –14.7 versus –9.4 versus –6.8).