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. 2022 Apr 15;9:869–875. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.011

Table 8.

Incremental Life Cancer Risk (ILCR) in different water sources in Anambra State.

Heavy Metals Borehole water
Shallow well
Harvested rain water
Processed sachet water
Stream water
Total Cancer Risk (TCR)
Adults Children Adults Children Adults Children Adults Children Adults Children Adults Children
Lead 1.34 × 10−5 6.23 × 10−5 2.67 × 10−5 1.25 × 10−4 3.74 ×−5 1.75 × 10−4 3.21 × 10−5 1.50 × 10−4 2.67 × 10−5 1.25 × 10−4 1.36 × 10−5 4.24 × 10−4
Cadmium 3.96 × 10−2 1.8 × 10−1 5 × 10−2 2.1 × 10−1 5 × 10−2 2.2 × 10−1 5 × 10−2 2.2 × 10−1 5 × 10−2 2.5 × 10−1 1.4 × 10−1 6.4 × 10−1
TCR = ∑(ILCR) 0.23 1.09