Table 2.

Comparison of intervention activities across conditions

Intervention activity	Remote association condition	Close association condition	Free association condition	Purpose
Goal proposal	Goal definition of the design task, construction of the association context	Goal definition of the design task, construction of the association context	Goal definition of the design task, construction of the association context	Stimulating learning interest
Creativity inspiration	Ideating by remote associative stimuli, such as apple and bulb	Ideating by close associative stimuli, such as Sichuan opera face and patch	Ideating by no associative stimulus-brainstorming	Fostering divergent thinking and convergent thinking
Design challenges	Completing the design plan	Completing the design plan	Completing the design plan	Cultivating empathy and creative thinking
Presentation and evaluation	Communicating and improving the design plan	Communicating and improving the design plan	Communicating and improving the design plan	Encouraging inter-group learning