Skip to main content
. 2022 Dec 12;25(3):570–579. doi: 10.1007/s10903-022-01436-3

Table 2.

Non adjusted Odd Ratio of socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge, confidence and COVID-19 rumors (with 95% CI and p-value)

Knowledgea Confidenceb Rumorsc (overall) Natural origin of COVID-19d Control of populatione
Gender (Female) 0.86 (0.51–1.47, p = 0.59) 0.86 (0.45–1.64, p = 0.65) 0.91 (0.53–1.56, p = 0.73) 0.75 (0.41–1.37, p = 0.35) 0.86 (0.39–1.87, p = 0.70)
Legal status (Rejected asylum seekers) 0.55 (0.30–1.03, p = 0.60) 0.80 (0.38–1.67, p = 0.55) 1.36 (0.75–2.46, p = 0.31) 0.38 (0.17–0.82, p = 0.01) 2.79 (1.28–6.09, p = 0.01)
Education level (Low education level) 1.13 (0.67–1.93, p = 0.64) 1.17 (0.60–2.89, p = 0.65) 1.59 (0.93–2.72, p = 0.09) 1.13 (0.63–2.01, p = 0.69) 1.12 (0.52–2.39, p = 0.77)
Health literacy (Low health literacy) 0.87 (0.51–1.46, p = 0.59) 0.44 (0.23–0.83, p = 0.01) 1.14 (0.67–1.92, p = 0.63) 0.58 (0.32–1.04, p = 0.07) 1.08 (0.51–2.28, p = 0.85)
Place of living (Community centers) 0.45 (0.27–0.75, p < 0.01) 0.30 (0.15–0.60, p < 0.01) 1.13 (0.67–1.90, p = 0.65) 0.49 (0.28–0.87, p = 0.01) 1.25 (0.59–2.67, p = 0.56)
French language proficiency (Low level) 0.43 (0.25–0.76, p < 0.01) 0.78 (0.40–1.50, p = 0.45) 0.81 (0.47–1.41, p = 0.46) 0.31 (0.16–0.62, p < 0.01) 0.70 (0.31–1.60, p = 0.40)
Social worker (absence of) 1.09 (0.65–1.84, p = 0.75) 1.09 (0.57–2.09, p = 0.80) 1.81 (1.05–3.12, p = 0.03) 1.33 (0.74–2.40, p = 0.34) 1.45 (0.66–3.16, p = 0.35)
Tested positive for COVID-19 0.49 (0.13–1.89, p = 0.30) 1.28 (0.27–6.12, p = 0.76) 2.89 (0.82–10.16, p = 0.09) NA 1.47 (0.30–7.12, p = 0.64)
At-risk (at least one comorbidity) 1.03 (0.52–2.06, p = 0.93) 0.34 (0.16–0.73, p < 0.01) 1.07 (0.53–2.16, p = 0.85) 0.40 (0.16–1.00, p = 0.05) 0.65 (0.21–2.00, p = 0.46)

A p-value < 0.05 is considered statistically significant (in bold in the table)

aComparison based on the knowledge score (Illustration 1) dichotomized into high knowledge (at least 5/6 correct answers) and low knowledge (< 5/6 correct answers)

bComparison between participants about “Knowing what to do if sick or if COVID-19 symptoms”

cComparison based on the answers of rumors questions (Illustration 2). Positive if adhesion to at least one COVID-19 rumor

dComparison based on the official statement “The new coronavirus occurred naturally due to mixing of human and animal viruses”

eComparison based on the COVID-19 rumor “The effects of the coronavirus have been intentionally exaggerated so that governments can better control their populations”