Table 3.

Efficacy of binary and ternary classification with or without information of high myopia

	with information of high myopia only				with age, gender, and high myopia information
	validation set		testing set		validation set		testing set
Metrics	Image-based	Eye-based	Image-based	Eye-based	Image-based	Eye-based	Image-based	Eye-based
Binary classification
Accuracy	0.81(0.05)	0.88(0.04)	0.82	0.86	0.81(0.02)	0.88(0.06)	0.76	0.89
Precision	0.89(0.06)	0.86(0.06)	0.87	0.74	0.88(0.08)	0.86(0.10)	0.9	0.88
Sensitivity	0.52(0.18)	0.77(0.18)	0.57	0.81	0.53(0.10)	0.77(0.18)	0.35	0.71
Specificity	0.96(0.02)	0.94(0.03)	0.96	0.88	0.95(0.06)	0.92(0.09)	0.98	0.96
F1 score	0.63(0.16)	0.79(0.10)	0.69	0.77	0.65(0.06)	0.79(0.11)	0.5	0.79
AUC	0.89(0.04)	0.99(0.01)	0.89	0.98	0.90(0.02)	0.99(0.01)	0.86	0.98
Ternary classification
Accuracy	0.76(0.03)	0.79(0.05)	0.75	0.86	0.75(0.04)	0.81(0.02)	0.78	0.83
Precision (macro)	0.63(0.04)	0.66(0.07)	0.61	0.73	0.63(0.04)	0.65(0.06)	0.7	0.74
Precision (micro)	0.76(0.03)	0.79(0.05)	0.75	0.86	0.75(0.04)	0.81(0.02)	0.78	0.83
Sensitivity (macro)	0.65(0.06)	0.67(0.09)	0.6	0.7	0.64(0.04)	0.68(0.06)	0.69	0.69
Sensitivity (micro)	0.76(0.03)	0.79(0.05)	0.75	0.86	0.75(0.04)	0.81(0.02)	0.78	0.83
Specificity (macro)	0.87(0.02)	0.88(0.03)	0.85	0.9	0.86(0.02)	0.89(0.02)	0.86	0.87
Specificity (micro)	0.88(0.02)	0.90(0.02)	0.87	0.93	0.88(0.02)	0.90(0.01)	0.89	0.91
F1 score (macro)	0.64(0.05)	0.66(0.07)	0.6	0.71	0.63(0.04)	0.66(0.05)	0.68	0.7
F1 score (micro)	0.76(0.03)	0.79(0.05)	0.75	0.86	0.75(0.04)	0.81(0.02)	0.78	0.83
AUC (macro)	0.85(0.04)	0.90(0.04)	0.87	0.9	0.87(0.05)	0.92(0.04)	0.88	0.91
AUC (micro)	0.89(0.04)	0.93(0.03)	0.91	0.95	0.90(0.04)	0.94(0.03)	0.92	0.95

AUC Area under receiver operating characteristic curve