Fig. 1.

A sub-section of the genera that were cited in manuscripts that studied associations of oral bacteria with cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette smoking, and cardiovascular risk/disease, respectively. Red circles indicate a significant increase of the corresponding oral microbiome taxon to cigarette smoking, e-cigarette smoking or cardiovascular variables, while blue indicate a significantly decreased relative abundance. These figures were generated in JMP™ Version 14 Data Discovery Statistical Software. Data is shown across all oral sites and larger circles indicate more references to an increase or decrease in the specified genus. Species-level features were collapsed to the genus level for illustrative purposes. Taxa at the species and genus level used to make this figure, and the corresponding citations, can be found in Additional file 2: Table S1 (oral microbiome and smoking) and Additional file 3: Table S2 (oral microbiome and cardiovascular risk/disease). E-cigarette electronic cigarette