Table 2.

Bacteria of the oral microbiome with similar responses to smoking across multiple sites

Bacteria	Whole mouth	Saliva	Tongue dorsum	Subgingival plaquea	Buccal	References
Atopobium and Atopobium species	↑	↑	↑	↑		[34, 36, 37, 41, 45, 55, 58]
Bergeyella	↓	↓				[37, 43, 47, 48]
Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium species			↑	↑		[41, 57]
Gemella	↑	↑	↑			[37, 38, 40, 41, 43, 45, 47]
Haemophilus and H. haemolyticus	↓	↓	↓			[34, 37, 41, 43, 45, 47, 55]
Lactobacillus	↑			↑		[50, 58]
Lautropia and Lautropia mirabilis	↓	↓	↓	↓↑b		[34, 36, 37, 41–43, 47, 52, 55, 57, 58]
Megasphaera and Megasphaera micronuciformis	↑	↑	↑			[34, 36, 37, 39, 41, 43, 46, 55]
Mycoplasma and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae	↑	↑	↑			[34, 41, 52]
Neisseria and Neisseria species	↓	↓	↓	↓		[34, 36–38, 41, 43, 47, 50, 52, 53, 55, 58]
Oribacterium and Oribacterium species	↑	↓	↓	↑		[39, 41, 42, 46, 48, 52]
Peptococcus		↓	↓			[36, 41]
Porphyromonas and Porphyromonas species	↑	↑	↑			[34, 46, 55]
Prevotella and Prevotella species	↑	↑	↑	↑↓b	↑	[34, 36–40, 44, 46, 52, 55, 58, 59]
Rothia and Rothia species	↑	↑	↑		↑	[36, 38, 41, 44, 46, 52, 55]
Streptococcus and Streptococcus species	↑↓b	↑↓b	↑	↑	↑	[37–41, 43, 44, 46, 49, 51, 55, 58]
Tannerella and Tannerella forsythia		↑	↑			[39, 41, 52]
Treponema and Treponema species	↑	↑	↑	↑		[34, 42, 45, 48, 52, 55, 59]
Veillonella and Veillonella species	↑	↑	↑	↑	↑	[15, 36–38, 43, 44, 46, 48, 50, 55, 58]

^aSubgingival and/or supragingival plaque

^bEqual number of studies reporting an increased or decreased relative abundance of bacterial taxa in association with smoking