Table 3.
Biomarkers concentrations at T+48 h
| Biomarker | Primary outcome | Sample | Technic of measure, unit | Ultra-lung-protective group | Lung-protective group | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | N | |||||||
| Interleukin-1 Beta | Yes | BAL | ELISA, pg/mL | 20 | 73 (5–548) | 18 | 71 (28–349) | 0.81 |
| Interleukin-1 Beta | No | Serum | ELISA, pg/mL | 20 | 0.7 (0.3–0.8) | 18 | 0.4 (0.3–1) | 0.36 |
| sRAGE | No | BAL | ELISA, pg/mL | 20 | 114 (50–2002) | 18 | 715 (395–2736) | 0.27 |
| sRAGE | Yes | Plasma | ELISA, pg/mL | 20 | 831 ± 796 | 18 | 1249 ± 1541 | 0.86 |
| Angiopoietin 2 | Yes | Plasma | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 10,735 ± 6356 | 18 | 8753 ± 4084 | 0.52 |
| TNF receptor 1 | No | BAL | ELISA, pg/mL | 20 | 815 ± 593 | 18 | 792 ± 418 | 0.90 |
| TNF receptor 1 | No | Plasma | ELISA, pg/mL | 20 | 5756 ± 3308 | 18 | 6425 ± 5106 | 0.86 |
| TNF-alpha | No | BAL | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 5.6 (1.6–16.8) | 18 | 6.9 (1.9–32.6) | 0.86 |
| TNF-alpha | No | Serum | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 32 ± 28 | 18 | 36 ± 30 | 0.70 |
| Interleukin-1ra | No | BAL | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 4.9 (1–16.3) | 18 | 3.2 (2.1–7.9) | 0.94 |
| Interleukin-6 | Yes | BAL | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 153 (52–935) | 18 | 256 (136–599) | 0.32 |
| Interleukin-8 | No | Serum | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 47 (20–69) | 18 | 52 (27–204) | 0.55 |
| Interleukin-8 | Yes | BAL | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 563 (165–8963) | 18 | 432 (156–1525) | 0.48 |
| Interleukin-10 | No | Serum | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 38 ± 45 | 18 | 50 ± 67 | 0.52 |
| Interleukin-10 | No | BAL | Luminex, pg/mL | 20 | 9.4 (2.6–32.5) | 18 | 7.1 (2.9–16.9) | 0.70 |
| IP10 | No | BAL | Luminex, pg/mL | 19 | 214 (45–682) | 18 | 538 (144–1534) | 0.33 |
| Procollagen 3 | No | BAL | ELISA, ng/mL | 20 | 2.6 (1–16.3) | 18 | 2.4 (1–13.4) | 0.92 |
| MMP-9 | No | BAL | ELISA, ng/mL | 20 | 650 ± 737 | 18 | 683 ± 559 | 0.44 |
| Surfactant protein D | Yes | BAL | ELISA, ng/mL | 20 | 2.5 (0.5–15.2) | 18 | 11.1 (0.3–66.6) | 0.58 |
| Clara cell protein 16 | No | BAL | ELISA, ng/mL | 20 | 5635 ± 6617 | 18 | 4489 ± 5638 | 0.70 |
| Clara cell protein 16 | No | Plasma | ELISA, ng/mL | 20 | 56 ± 37 | 18 | 58 ± 39 | 0.93 |
| VEGF | No | Plasma | ELISA, pg/mL | 20 | 61 (20–78) | 18 | 60 (26–194) | 0.53 |
| vWF antigen | No | BAL | ELISA, mU/mL | 20 | 1.8 (0.6–19.1) | 18 | 9.4 (0.4–25.1) | 0.59 |
Values are expressed as median (interquartile range) or mean ± standard deviation
BAL broncho-alveolar lavage, ELISA enzyme-linked immune assay, sRAGE serum advanced glycation end products, TNF tumor necrosis factor, Interleukin-1ra interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, IP10 Interferon gamma-induced protein 10, MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase 9, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, vWF von Willebrand factor