Table 1.
Substances Assessed
| Drug or Drug Class | Individual Drugs and Drug Metabolites |
|---|---|
| Cocaine | Benzoylecgonine, Cocaine, Ecgonine methyl ester, Norcocaine |
| Cocaethylene | |
| Amphetamines | Methamphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA |
| Antiarrhythmic | Lidocaine |
| Opioid antagonist | Methadone, EDDP buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine |
| Heroin | 6-Monoacetylmorphine, Heroin |
| Opioids | 6-Monoacetylmorphine, Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, Hydrocodone, Hydromorphone, Dihydrocodeine, Glucuronide, Codeine Glucuronide, Oxycodone, Oxymorphone |
| Fentanyl | Fentanyl, Norfentanyl |
| Naloxone | Naloxone |
| Benzodiazepines | Clonazepam, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Nordazepam, Temazepam, Oxazepam, Alprazolam alpha-hycroxyalprazolam, Flurazepam, 2-Hydroxyethylflurazepam, Desalkylflurazepam, Flunitrazepam, 7-Aminoflunitrazepam, N-Desmethylflunitrazepam, Midazolam, 7-Aminonitrazepam, Etizolam |
| Alcohol | Ethyl Glucuronide |
| Cannabis (THC) | Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) −COOH and THC─COOH glucuronide |
| Nicotine | Cotinine, Nicotine |
| Beta Blockers | Metoprolol, Atenolol, Carvedilol, Labetalol |
| Calcium Channel Blockers | Amlodipine, Diltiazem, Verapamil |
| Diuretic | Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide |
| Nitrate | Isosorbide mononitrate |
| Antihypertensive Agents | Clonidine, Lisinopril, Losartan |
| Statins | Atorvastatin, Pravastatin, Simvastatin |
| Vasodilator | Sildenafil |
| Blood thinner | Coumadin |
| Analgesic | Acetaminophen |