Table 3.
Associations between Study Factors and sST2 Level (ng/mL) Across Six Study Visits (N=245; 1,051 study visits total)
| Unadjusted Effects a (95% CI) |
Model 1 Adjusted Effects (95% CI) Demographic |
Model 2 Adjusted Effects (95% CI) Substance Use |
Model 3 Adjusted Effects (95% CI) History of Chronic Health Conditions |
Model 4 Adjusted Effects (95% CI) Pharmaceutical Drug Use |
Model 5 Adjusted Effects (95% CI) Current Health Status /Cardiovascular Risks |
Model 6 Adjusted Effects (95% CI) Cardiac Structure/ function |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 1.00 (0.95-1.06) | 1.01 (0.95, 1.06) | |||||
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||||
| White | (Ref) | ||||||
| Black/African American | 1.17 (1.02-1.34) | 1.17 (1.00-1.35) | |||||
| Latina | 1.11 (0.93-1.33) | 1.11 (0.93, 1.33) | |||||
| Multiracial | 1.15 (0.95-1.40) | 1.14 (0.94, 1.39) | |||||
| Other | 1.21 (0.98-1.50) | 1.21 (0.98, 1.49) | |||||
| Cocaine/Benzoylecgonine e | 1.07 (1.01-1.14)** | 1.10 (1.03-1.18)** | 1.10 (1.03-1.18)** | 1.09 (1.02-1.17)** | 1.08 (1.00-1.15)** | 1.09 (1.01, 1.18)** | |
| Cocaethylene e | 1.05 (0.99-1.12) | 1.04 (0.97-1.12) | |||||
| Levamisole e | 0.97 (0.92-1.03) | 0.91 (0.86-0.97)** | 0.92 (0.87-0.98)** | 0.92 (0.86-0.97)** | 0.92 (0.87-0.97)** | 0.90 (0.85, 0.96)** | |
| Methamphetamine e | 1.01 (0.95-1.07) | 0.99 (0.88-1.11) | |||||
| Heroin/Mono-acetylmorphine-6 e | 1.22 (1.08-1.38)** | 1.25 (1.09-1.42)** | 1.26 (1.10-1.43)** | 1.24 (1.09-1.41)** | 1.22 (1.07-1.39)** | 1.25 (1.08, 1.44)** | |
| Fentanyl/Norfentanyl e | 1.08 (0.96-1.21) | 1.03 (0.91-1.17) | |||||
| Additional opioids e | 1.02 (0.96-1.09) | 1.01 (0.95-1.08) | |||||
| Alcohol (as determined by ethyl glucuronide) e | 1.09 (1.03-1.15)** | 1.10 (1.04-1.17)** | 1.12 (1.06-1.18)** | 1.12 (1.05-1.18)** | 1.12 (1.06-1.19)** | 1.13 (1.06, 1.20)** | |
| Cannabis (THC) e | 1.03 (0.97-1.09) | ||||||
| Cotinine/Nicotine e | 0.97 (0.91-1.03) | 0.96 (0.87-1.07) | |||||
| Diabetes f | 0.98 (0.88-1.09) | 1.01 (0.90-1.12) | |||||
| Prior myocardial infarction f | 0.98 (0.94-1.03) | 0.99 (0.94-1.04) | |||||
| Prior stroke f | 1.00 (0.97-1.03) | 1.00 (0.97-1.03) | |||||
| HIV-positive g | 1.16 (1.03-1.31)** | 1.18 (1.05-1.33)** | 1.18 (1.05-1.33)** | 1.19 (1.06-1.34)** | 1.18 (1.03, 1.35)** | ||
| HCV-positive f | 1.04 (0.95-1.12) | 1.01 (0.92-1.09) | |||||
| Benzodiazepine e | 1.02 (0.94-1.11) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | |||||
| Beta blocker e | 1.05 (0.94-1.16) | 1.07 (0.96-1.20) | |||||
| Calcium channel blocker e | 0.99 (0.88-1.10) | 0.98 (0.87-1.09) | |||||
| Antihypertensive e | 1.07 (0.95-1.19) | 1.11 (0.98-1.24) | 1.10 (0.98-1.24) | 1.14 (1.00, 1.29)** | |||
| Statin e | 1.02 (0.85-1.23) | 1.11 (0.80-1.17) | |||||
| Acetaminophen e | 0.98 (0.94-1.03) | 0.99 (0.95-1.04) | |||||
| Naloxone e | 1.87 (1.02-3.40)** | 2.17 (1.12-4.18)** | 2.12 (1.10-4.08)** | 2.71 (1.35, 5.43)** | |||
| Methadone e | 1.00 (0.92-1.09) | 0.98 (0.90-1.07) | |||||
| Buprenorphine/Norbuprenorphine e | 0.92 (0.73-1.16) | 0.78 (0.60-1.00) | 0.78 (0.61-1.01) | 0.61 (0.45, 0.83)** | |||
| Lidocaine e | 1.12 (1.06-1.18)** | 1.11 (1.05-1.18)** | 1.10 (1.04-1.16)** | 1.10 (1.03, 1.17)** | |||
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) | |||||
| Systolic Blood Pressure | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 1.03 (1.01-1.04)** | 1.03 (1.02, 1.05)** | ||||
| Diastolic Blood Pressure | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | 0.97 (0.95-0.99)** | 0.96 (0.94, 0.99)** | ||||
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | |||||
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 1.01 (0.99-1.03) | 1.01 (0.99-1.03) | |||||
| High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hsCRP) (mg/L) | 1.02 (1.01-1.04)** | 1.02 (1.01-1.04)** | 1.02 (1.01, 1.04)** | ||||
| LV mass (per 10 g/m2) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.01) | ||||||
| LVEF (per 10 units) | 0.98 (0.89, 1.08) |
**
p<0.05
a
Adjusted for visit only
e
Positive toxicology results
f
Self-reported
g
ELISA test results