Table 1.
Heat Vulnerability Index Variables and Supporting Literature a
| Variable | Supporting literature |
|---|---|
| Percentage population that is Hispanic or Latino | Uejio et al. (2011), Knowlton et al. (2009), Jones et al. (1982), and Lin et al. (2009) |
| Percentage population that is non‐Hispanic African American or Black | Uejio et al. (2011), Schwartz (2005), Whitman et al. (1997), Jones et al. (1982), O'Neill et al. (2005), O'Neill et al. (2003), and Zanobetti et al. (2013) |
| Percentage population that is elderly | Gronlund et al. (2016), Semenza et al. (1999), Anderson and Bell (2009), Jones et al. (1982), and Whitman et al. (1997) |
| Percentage population that is unemployed | Anderson and Bell (2009) and Hansen et al. (2013) |
| Percentage population living below the federal poverty level | Curriero et al. (2002), Naughton et al. (2002), Jones et al. (1982), and Zanobetti et al. (2013) |
| Percentage population that is living alone | Naughton et al. (2002), Semenza et al. (1996), and Uejio et al. (2011) |
| Percentage population that is elderly and living alone | Gronlund et al. (2016), Semenza et al. (1999), Anderson and Bell (2009), Jones et al. (1982), Whitman et al. (1997), Naughton et al. (2002), Semenza et al. (1996), and Uejio et al. (2011) |
| Percentage population that is disabled | N. Bark (1998), N. M. Bark (1982), and Kaiser et al. (2001) |
| Percentage population with less than a high school education | Curriero et al. (2002), Zanobetti et al. (2013), and O'Neill et al. (2003) |
| Percentage population that was born in a foreign country | Chow et al. (2012) |
| Percentage population that is limited English proficient | Uejio et al. (2011), McGeehin and Mirabelli (2001), and Hansen et al. (2013) |
| Percentage of occupied houses built before 1980 | Gronlund et al. (2015) and Y. Xu et al. (2013) |
| Percentage of adults age 20+ diagnosed with diabetes | Semenza et al. (1999), Semenza et al. (1996), Schwartz (2005), and Knowlton et al. (2009) |
| Percentage of land covered in high density development | Uejio et al. (2011), Jones et al. (1982), Harlan et al. (2006), Clarke (1972), and Buechley et al. (1972) |
| Percentage of land covered in non‐green space | Gronlund et al. (2015), Zanobetti et al. (2013), Kilbourne et al. (1982), Y. Xu et al. (2013), Harlan et al. (2006), and Harlan et al. (2013) |
| Average summertime enhanced vegetation index (EVI) score | Gronlund et al. (2015), Harlan et al. (2006), and Harlan et al. (2013) |
| Average summertime 2m air temperature anomaly (°F) | Harlan et al. (2006), Johnson and Wilson (2009), Avashia et al. (2021), Basu et al. (2008), Medina‐Ramón and Schwartz (2007), and Zanobetti and Schwartz (2008) |
a
Supporting literature identifies research studies that support a relationship between the given variables and adverse heat‐related health outcomes.