Fig. 5.

Example of a four-term contingency surrounding the behavior of speaking in African American Vernacular English (AAVE) around black individuals. CMO-R, which stands for reflexive conditioned motivation operation, "alters the value of its own removal (or continued presence) as a type of reinforcement (or punishment) and alters the probability of behaviors occurring that have previously been associated with these consequences." (Langthorne and McGill, 2009, pg. 26).ESL is an acronym for English Standard Language.Sr+ is an acronym for positive reinforcement. Sr+ is a stimulus added to the environment that increases the likelihood of behavior occurring in the future.Sr- is an acronym for negative reinforcement. Sr- is a stimulus removed from the environment that increases the likelihood of behavior occuring in the future.Note. Similar to the functional relations depicted in Fig. 4, this four-term contingency both establishes race-related behavior and serves as a context to derive rules surrounding such behavior