Table 1.
Study characteristics (N = 31)
| Study characteristics | No. of studies (%) |
|---|---|
| Publication year | |
| 2005–2009 | 3 (9.7) |
| 2010–2014 | 7 (22.6) |
| 2015–2019 | 12 (38.7) |
| After 2019 | 9 (29.0) |
| Geographic setting | |
| National | 6 (19.4) |
| Multiple cities or states | 12 (38.7) |
| Single city or single institute | 10 (32.3) |
| Single state | 3 (9.7) |
| Data source | |
| Cancer Registry | 9 (29.0) |
| BRFSS | 2 (6.5) |
| The Boston REACH Coalition | 2 (6.5) |
| Black Women Health Study | 2 (6.5) |
| Other | 16 (51.6) |
| Study design | |
| Cross-sectional | 19 (61.3) |
| Cohort | 12 (38.7) |
| Patient characteristics | |
| No. of patients | |
| <100 | 1 (3.2) |
| 100–999 | 8 (25.8) |
| 1000–9999 | 13 (41.9) |
| 10000+ | 9 (29.0) |
| Age groupa, y | |
| <18 | 4 (12.9) |
| 18–39 | 19 (61.3) |
| 40–64 | 25 (80.6) |
| 65+ | 26 (83.9) |
| Mean age <50 | 2 (6.5) |
| Mean age ≥50 | 3 (9.7) |
| Sexa | |
| Male only | 0 (0.0) |
| Female only | 10 (32.3) |
| Male and female | 21 (67.7) |
| Transgender | 2 (6.5) |
| Racea | |
| White | 24 (77.4) |
| Black | 31 (100.0) |
| Other | 20 (64.5) |
| Cancer sitea | |
| Breast | 13 (41.9) |
| Cervical | 6 (19.4) |
| Colorectal | 10 (32.3) |
| Lung | 4 (12.9) |
| Prostate | 2 (6.5) |
| Acute myeloid leukemia | 1 (3.2) |
| All cancer sites | 9 (29.0) |
| Component of cancer continuuma | |
| Screening | 12 (38.7) |
| Incidence or diagnosis | 8 (25.8) |
| Treatment | 2 (6.5) |
| Survival or mortality | 9 (29.0) |
| Survivorship | 3 (9.7) |
| End-of-life care | 0 (0.0) |
| Cancer care or outcomes identificationa | |
| Medical record review | 10 (32.3) |
| Self-reported | 7 (22.6) |
| Registry | 9 (29.0) |
| National Death Index | 2 (6.5) |
| Other | 6 (19.4) |
| Housing concerns or status identification | |
| Self-reported | 9 (29.0) |
| Medical record review | 6 (19.4) |
| HUD | 3 (9.7) |
| Housing programs | 2 (6.5) |
| HOLC and HMDA | 8 (25.8) |
| Other | 3 (9.7) |
| Housing-related measures | |
| Individual level | 20 (64.5) |
| County level | 1 (3.2) |
| Tract level | 7 (22.6) |
| Neighborhood-level | 3 (9.7) |
| Individual-level housing measures | |
| Housing status: homelessness | 8 (25.8) |
| Housing concerns: unmet housing needs and concerns | 7 (22.6) |
| Self-reported housing discrimination | 2 (6.5) |
| Receipt of housing assistance | 3 (9.7) |
| Area-level housing measures | |
| Housing insecurity: foreclosure and instability | 3 (9.7) |
| Housing discrimination: historical redlining and mortgage discrimination | 8 (25.8) |
| Comparison group | |
| Calculated discrimination index (HOLC and HMDA) or foreclosure risk | 11 (35.5) |
| Domiciled or stable housing status | 9 (29.0) |
| No housing related needs or concerns | 5 (16.1) |
| Did not participate in housing assistance programs | 3 (9.7) |
| No cancer | 1 (3.2) |
| Other racial or SES groups | 1 (3.2) |
| No comparison group | 1 (3.2) |
a
Categories are not mutually exclusive, and studies were included in multiple categories. BRFSS = Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; HMDA = Home Mortgage Disclosure Act; HOLC = Home Owners’ Loan Corporation; HUD = Department of Housing and Urban Development; REACH = Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health; SES = socioeconomic status.