Table 29.
Recommendations and Levels of Evidence for Risk Assessment of AF
| COR | LOE | GOR (MINDS) | LOE (MINDS) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk assessment for thromboembolism in patients with AF | ||||
| Use of CHADS2 score | I | B | B | IVa |
| Use of CHA2DS2‐VASc score | IIa | B | B | IVa |
| Use of CHA2DS2‐VA score (CHA2DS2‐VASc score except female sex) | IIa | B | B | IVa |
| Use of CHA2DS2‐VASc score to detect low‐risk cases | IIa | B | B | IVa |
| Consideration of other risk factors*1 | IIb | B | C1 | IVa |
| Risk assessment for bleeding complications in patients with AF | ||||
| Use of HAS‐BLED score | I | B | B | IVa |
| Consideration of major risk factors for bleeding*2 | I | B | B | II |
*1Cardiomyopathy, age (65–74 years), vascular disease (prior myocardial infarction, aortic plaque, and peripheral arterial disease), persistent and permanent AF, renal dysfunction, low body weight (≤50 kg), left atrial diameter (>45 mm). *2Older age (≥75 years), low body weight (≤50 kg), renal dysfunction (CCr ≤50 mL/min), antiplatelet use, and uncontrolled hypertension.
Abbreviation: AF, atrial fibrillation; CCr, creatinine clearance; COR, class of recommendation; GOR, grade of recommendation; LOE, level of evidence; MINDS, Medical Information Network Distribution Service.