Table 2.
AUC comparing patients with clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) versus patients with negative biopsy or clinically insignificant PCa (No csPCa).
| No csPCa | csPCa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studied Variables | (n = 157) | (n = 158) | P value | AUC (95% CI) | Cut-off | Sensitivity | Specificity |
| Age (median [IQR]), years | 68.00 [63.00, 73.00] | 70.00 [65.00, 73.00] | 0.147 | 0.55 (0.48-0.61) | 69.5 | 0.51 | 0.60 |
| MRI PI-RADS (%) | <0.001 | 0.75 (0.70-0.81) | 3 | 0.85 | 0.52 | ||
| 1 | 9 (5.7) | 1 (0.6) | |||||
| 2 | 72 (45.9) | 22 (13.9) | |||||
| 3 | 47 (29.9) | 50 (31.6) | |||||
| 4 | 25 (15.9) | 52 (32.9) | |||||
| 5 | 4 (2.5) | 33 (20.9) | |||||
| Prostate volume (median [IQR]), mL | 45.11 [30.28, 71.98] | 32.64 [23.71, 40.46] | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.63-0.75) | 17.66 | 0.98 | 0.03 |
| tPSA (median [IQR]), ng/mL | 8.70 [5.19, 14.06] | 10.91 [7.28, 21.22] | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.57-0.69) | 17.57 | 0.32 | 0.87 |
| fPSA (median [IQR]), ng/mL | 1.42 [0.87, 2.13] | 1.42 [0.84, 2.52] | 0.521 | 0.52 (0.46-0.59) | 2.02 | 0.37 | 0.75 |
| p2PSA (median [IQR]), pg/mL | 26.81 [14.55, 42.68] | 46.16 [29.27, 70.82] | <0.001 | 0.71 (0.66-0.77) | 35.26 | 0.68 | 0.66 |
| %fPSA (median [IQR]) | 15.85 [10.75, 22.16] | 11.66 [8.72, 15.21] | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.61-0.73) | 50.03 | 0.02 | 1 |
| %p2PSA (median [IQR]) | 19.58 [12.69, 28.67] | 29.72 [22.43, 41.09] | <0.001 | 0.71 (0.65-0.77) | 22.29 | 0.76 | 0.62 |
| PHI (median [IQR]) | 55.79 [38.29, 80.16] | 100.20 [78.23, 156.05] | <0.001 | 0.81 (0.75-0.85) | 77.77 | 0.76 | 0.73 |
| PSAD (median [IQR]), ng/mL/mL | 0.18 [0.11, 0.29] | 0.34 [0.21, 0.75] | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.68-0.79) | 0.26 | 0.65 | 0.71 |
| PHID (median [IQR]) | 1.13 [0.77, 2.10] | 3.36 [2.09, 5.25] | <0.001 | 0.83 (0.79-0.88) | 2.36 | 0.70 | 0.83 |
| PI-RADS + volume | <0.001 | 0.80 (0.75-0.85) | 0.81 | 0.71 | |||
| PI-RADS+ PHI | <0.001 | 0.85 (0.81-0.89) | 0.79 | 0.81 | |||
| PI-RADS + volume+PHI | <0.001 | 0.87 (0.84-0.91) | 0.81 | 0.82 | |||
| PI-RADS+volume +PHI+ fPSA | <0.001 | 0.88 (0.85-0.92) | 0.83 | 0.83 |
The AUC of the matching ROC curve with the 95% confidence interval (CI) is provided for each variable. According to the Youden index maximization, the best threshold for the diagnosis of PCa is provided with the achieved sensitivity and specificity. Cases are defined as individuals with values equal to or more than the threshold, with the exception of prostate volume, which is the inverse. PI-RADS, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System; tPSA, total prostate specific antigen; p2PSA, [−2]proPSA; %fPSA,free PSA/total PSA;%p2PSA, p2PSA/free PSA; PHI, prostate health index; PSAD, PSA density, PSA/Prostate volume; PHID, PHI density, PHI/Prostate volume; AUC, area under curve; ROC, receiver operating characteristic.