Table 3. Multivariable Cox regression for analysis on the prognostic factors for high-grade osteosarcoma with lung metastases (diagnosed between 2010 and 2014).
| Subject characteristics | No. of osteosarcoma patients with LM |
|
HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Deceased (n, %) | ||||
| Age, years | |||||
| ≤ 24 | 119 | 65 (54.62) | 23.00 (15.02-30.98) | 1 (Reference) | 1.00 |
| 25-59 | 42 | 30 (71.43) | 12.00 (8.63-15.37) | 1.87 (1.17-2.99) | 0.01 |
| ≥ 60 | 34 | 33 (97.06) | 4.00 (2.38-5.62) | 3.48 (2.14-5.66) | < 0.001 |
| Location | |||||
| Extremities | 144 | 84 (58.33) | 21.00 (17.09-24.91) | 1 (Reference) | 1.00 |
| Axial | 42 | 37 (88.10) | 10.00 (4.80-15.20) | 1.32 (0.83-2.10) | 0.24 |
| Others | 2 | 2 (100.0) | 5 (NA) | 3.96 (0.93-16.81) | 0.06 |
| Unknown | 7 | 5 (71.43) | NA | NA | NA |
| Histology | |||||
| Osteosarcoma and NOS | 147 | 102 (69.39) | 15.00 (11.03-18.97) | 1 (Reference) | 1.00 |
| Others | 48 | 26 (54.17) | 18.00 (8.89-27.11) | 0.68 (0.44-1.05) | 0.08 |
| Surg (pri) | |||||
| None | 74 | 64 (86.49) | 8.00 (5.82-10.19) | 1 (Reference) | 1.00 |
| Yes | 121 | 64 (52.89) | 24.00 (14.89-33.11) | 0.46 (0.30-0.71) | < 0.001 |
LM = lung metastases; IQR = interquartile range; mo = months; HR = hazards ratio; CI = confidence interval; NA = not available; NOS = not otherwise specified; Surg (pri) = surgical treatments of primary site.