Table 2.
Fossil-fuel and combustion-related air pollution and overall risk of hypertension in the Sister Study (N=47,467)
| N | PR (95%CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Biphenyl | Quartile 1 | 11867 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11867 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11867 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11866 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.06) | |
| p for trend | 0.3 | ||
| Naphthalene | Quartile 1 | 11865 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11869 | 1.03 (1.00, 1.06) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11868 | 1.05 (1.02, 1.09) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11865 | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) | |
| p for trend | 1.0 | ||
| PAHPOM | Quartile 1 | 11868 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11866 | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11867 | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11866 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) | |
| p for trend | 0.7 | ||
| Diesel emissions | Quartile 1 | 11865 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11869 | 1.03 (0.99, 1.06) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11867 | 1.03 (1.00, 1.07) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11866 | 1.05 (1.01, 1.08) | |
| p for trend | 0.02 | ||
| 1,3-Butadiene | Quartile 1 | 11863 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11870 | 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11867 | 1.05 (1.02, 1.09) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11867 | 1.04 (1.00, 1.07) | |
| p for trend | 0.02 | ||
| Acetaldehyde | Quartile 1 | 11865 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11868 | 1.03 (0.99, 1.06) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11867 | 1.05 (1.02, 1.09) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11867 | 1.08 (1.04, 1.12) | |
| p for trend | <0.001 | ||
| Benzene | Quartile 1 | 11868 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11865 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11868 | 1.04 (1.01, 1.07) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11866 | 1.05 (1.02, 1.08) | |
| p for trend | 0.002 | ||
| Acrolein | Quartile 1 | 11867 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11867 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.06) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11866 | 1.04 (1.01, 1.07) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11867 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) | |
| p for trend | 0.9 | ||
| Formaldehyde | Quartile 1 | 11867 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11866 | 1.04 (1.00, 1.07) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11866 | 1.05 (1.01, 1.08) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11868 | 1.08 (1.04, 1.11) | |
| p for trend | <0.001 | ||
| NO2a | Quartile 1 | 11798 | 1 (referent) |
| Quartile 2 | 11791 | 1.06 (1.02, 1.09) | |
| Quartile 3 | 11812 | 1.10 (1.07, 1.14) | |
| Quartile 4 | 11771 | 1.08 (1.05, 1.12) | |
| p for trend | <0.001 |
Models were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, individual income and education, census-tract income and education, and region
a
Ambient NO2 concentrations were only obtained for participants living in continental United States (missing N=295).