Table 2.
Clinical and demographical characteristics of patients with hemothorax
| Characteristics | Bronchus & lung (n = 8†) | Others‡ (n = 21) |
t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age(years) | 66.6 ± 10.3 | 59.9 ± 9.5 | 1.677 | 0.105 |
| Gender | 1.000 | |||
| Male | 7 | 18 | ||
| Female | 1 | 3 | ||
| Smoking history | 0.675 | |||
| Yes | 5 | 15 | ||
| No | 3 | 6 | ||
| Comorbidities | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 3 | 9 | ||
| No | 5 | 12 | ||
| PLT aggregation inhibitor | 0.300 | |||
| Yes | 2 | 2 | ||
| No | 6 | 19 | ||
| Tumor size(cm) | 2.58 ± 1.31 | 2.89 ± 1.47 | − 0.524 | 0.605 |
| Pathology diagnosis | 0.647 | |||
| Benign | 1 | 5 | ||
| Malignant | 7 | 16 | ||
| Surgical incision | 1.000 | |||
| Minimally invasive | 5 | 13 | ||
| Thoracotomy | 3 | 8 | ||
| Surgical procedure§ | 0.622 | |||
| Lobectomy | 5 | 17 | ||
| Sub lobectomy | 2 | 4 | ||
| Initial operative time(m) | 145.6 ± 44.1 | 163.3 ± 54.8 | − 0.815 | 0.422 |
| Pleural adhesions | 0.044 | |||
| Yes | 1 | 12 | ||
| No | 7 | 9 | ||
| Kinds of hemothorax | 0.148 | |||
| Active and progressive | 8 | 15 | ||
| Clotted | 0 | 6 | ||
| Treatment for bleeding | ||||
| First reoperation | – | |||
| Suture | 5 | 3 | ||
| Electrocoagulation | 2 | 6 | ||
| Exploration | 0 | 10 | ||
| Second reoperation¶ | – | |||
| Suture | 0 | 1 | ||
| Electrocoagulation | 0 | 1 | ||
| Additional Lobectomy | 1 | 0 | ||
| Perioperative death | 1 | 3 | 1.000 |
†The eight bleedings from Bronchus & lung included four at the pulmonary vascular stump, two from rupture of stapled margin due to the thickness and tension of pulmonary tissues, one continuous exudation of parenchyma, and one at the bronchial artery
‡Including bleeding from the chest wall, pleural adhesion, lymph node bed, and unknown reason
§Exclude a patient with exploratory thoracotomy, and combine wedge resection and segmentectomy into Sub lobectomy
¶Suture was performed for hemostasia in the first reoperation
PLT platelet