Table 1. Baseline characteristic of participants in INAFLD−/+ and NAFLD−/− groups.
Data are expressed as means ± SD or median (lower quartile and upper quartile) for continuous variables, and n represents percentage for categorical variables. BMI, body mass Index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG fasting blood glucose; hs-CRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C high-densily lipoprotein cholesterol; FGF-21. fibroblast growth factor 21; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1C; HQMA-IR. homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance: apo, apolipoprotein; PG30, 30-min postprandial plasma glucose; PG120, 120-min postprandial plasma glucose; INS30, 30-min postprandial insulin; INS120, 120-min postprandial insulin; FINS, fasting insulin: Cr, creatinine; UAIb/Ucr, urinary albumin tocreatinine ratio; UA uric acid; FFA, free fatty acid; TBIL total bilirubin; GA, glycated albumin; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma glutamyl transferase.
| Characteristic | Total (n = ISO) | NAFLD−/− [n=94) | NAFLD−/+ (n = 90) | P value* | P value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometric parameters | |||||
| Sex (male) | 76 (42.22%) | 33 (42.22%) | 36 (42.22%) | - | - |
| Age (years) | 62.51 ± 3.81 | 62.03 ± 3.78 | 62.99 ± 3.81 | 0.0921 | 0.1481 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.82 ± 8.07 | 62.47 ± 7.53 | 63.16 ± 8.6 | 0.5688 | 0.3617 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.55 ± 2.13 | 24.35 ± 2 | 24.75 ± 2.25 | 0.2059 | 0.0681 |
| SBP (mmHg)‡ | 130 (130, 140) | 130 (120 140) | 130 (120 140) | 0.2854 | 0.3363 |
| DBP (mmHg)‡ | 80 (80, 86) | 80 (80, 84) | 80 (80, 86) | 0.7579 | 0.7304 |
| Glucose homeostasis parameters | |||||
| FBG (mM)‡ | 5.93 (5.57, 6.36) | 5.86 (5.54, 6.33) | 6.02 (5.67, 6.39) | 0.2866 | 0.8033 |
| PG30 (mM)‡ | 10.29 (19.3, 11.45) | 10.12 (9.19, 11.16) | 10.34 (9.37, 11.76) | 0.2219 | 0.4460 |
| PG120(mM)‡ | 7.72 (16.63, 9.3) | 7.49 (6.17, 8.96) | 7.85 (7.12, 9.58) | 0.0612 | 0.2829 |
| FINS(uU/ml)‡ | 5.2 (4,03, 7.11) | 5.06 (3.99, 6.06) | 5.42 (4.11, 8.08) | 0.0266 | 0.8033 |
| INS30 (uU/ml)‡ | 38.82 (26.11, 57.25) | 36.25 (25.73, 50.64) | 40.39 (26.77, 60.31) | 0.2956 | 0.5751 |
| INSI20 (uU/ml)‡ | 37.62 (25.13, 57.42) | 34.59 (21.78, 53.46) | 41.65 (29.18, 60.03) | 0.0562 | 0.3623 |
| GA (%)‡ | 0.61 (0.57, 0.67) | 0.62 (0.57, 0.68) | 0.61 (0.57, 0.67) | 0.6013 | 0.1853 |
| HbA1c (%)‡ | 5.5 (5.2, 5.9) | 5.4 (5.2, 5.7) | 5.6 (5.3, 6) | 0.0604 | 0.2707 |
| HOHA-IR‡ | 1.35 (1.05, 1.99) | 1.33 (1.02, 1.69) | 1.5 (1.09, 2.21) | 0.0266 | - |
| HOMA-β‡ | 40.23 (31.6, 54.5) | 37.68 (31, 52.44) | 42.13 (32.75, 56.04) | 0.1038 | 0.8752 |
| Serum liver enzymes and renal lunclicn indexes | |||||
| ALT (IU/liler)‡ | 15 (12, 18) | 15 (12, 17) | 15 (13, 18) | 0.2112 | 0.2477 |
| AST (IU/liter)‡ | 21 (19, 23) | 21 (19, 23) | 21 (19, 23) | 0.9994 | 0.8621 |
| GGT (IU/liter)‡ | 18 (15, 25) | 17 (14, 22) | 20 (16, 27) | 0.2764 | 0.2087 |
| TBIL (μM)‡ | 10.7 (9, 14.4) | 10.9 (9, 14) | 10.7 (9, 14.5) | 0.9516 | 0.7712 |
| Cr (μM)‡ | 64 (56, 73) | 64 (57, 73) | 54 (55, 76) | 0.8085 | 0.4501 |
| UAIb/Ucr‡ | 6.79 (5.12, 12.59) | 6.62 (5.16, 13.03) | 6.84 (5.02, 11.91) | 0.5568 | 0.4701 |
| UA (μM)‡ | 295 (249, 341) | 269.50 (243, 334) | 302 (258, 342) | 0.1618 | 0.0913 |
| Lipid proliles | |||||
| TG (mM)‡ | 1.20 (0.86, 1.66) | 1.07 (0.80, 1.53) | 1.34 (0.90, 1,80) | 0.0051 | 0.0193 |
| TC (mM)‡ | 4.97 (4.44, 5.58) | 4.80 (4.41, 5.57) | 5.01 (4.46, 5.58) | 0.4808 | 0.7310 |
| FFA (μM)‡ | 497 (377, 666) | 497.5 (371,688) | 497 (395, 650) | 0.3526 | 0.5783 |
| HDL-C (mM)‡ | 1.35 (1.14, 1.53) | 1.40 (1.19, 1.64) | 1.30 (1.09, 1.48) | 0.0895 | 0.1451 |
| LDL-C (mM) | 3.08 ± 0.72 | 2.99 ± 0.74 | 3.17 ± 0.69 | 0.0965 | 0.1969 |
| apoA-1 (g/liter) | 1.49 ± 0.26 | 1.51 ± 0.28 | 1.46 ± 0.24 | 0.2124 | 0.3083 |
| apoB (g/liler) | 0.91 ± 0.16 | 0.9 ± 0.17 | 0.93 ± 0.16 | 0.1899 | 0.3731 |
| apoE (mg/dl)‡ | 3.92 (3.23, 4.67) | 3.84 (3.22, 4.56) | 4.09 (3.4, 4.87) | 0.0609 | 0.1709 |
| Lipoprotein (a) (mg/dl)‡ | 14.05 (5.81, 25.07) | 15.33 (6.12, 25.89) | 12.51 (5.78, 23.24) | 0.7654 | 0.6452 |
| Cytokines | |||||
| FGF2l (pg/ml)‡ | 302.06 (180.19, 429.52) | 268.84 (171.83, 389.11) | 332.27 (236.74, 452.81) | 0.9538 | 0.9304 |
| hs-CRP (μg/ml)‡ | 0.63 (0.35, 1.17) | 0.53 (0.28, 1.17) | 0.72 (0.43, 1.16) | 0.0351 | 0.0758 |
P value denotes differences between NAFLD−/+ and NAFLD−/− analyzed by t test without adjustment.
P value denotes differences between NAFLD−/+ and NAFLD−/− analyzed by analysis of covariance with HOMA-IR adjusted.
Log-transformed before anafysis.