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Feasibility
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Implementation and acceptance—establishing a shared problem |
Communication and clarifying the problem is important. Respondents reported that they had overestimated their capacity to maintain a sufficient distance. A station at the entrance can simplify the handout process. Attitudes vary and change over time; most users are positive afterward. A few are skeptical of the technology, but a majority support the intervention afterward.
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Distance tags in context—strategy, environment, and activities |
Distance tags are best suited as part of a larger preventive strategy. They are particularly useful in situations where individuals meet and tend to stand close by habit. Negative attitudes are often connected to situations where the tag is not useful or too disruptive for the situation. Usability depends on context and situation. Alternatives to the high-pitched alarm are needed for certain situations.
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Understanding and learning |
The distance tag was easy to use and understand. The indicator light was a little counterintuitive, and individuals sometimes forgot to switch the tag back on. It took a while to learn a new behavioral pattern; some expressed frustration in the beginning. There are indications that increased attention to distance remains even when the tag is removed.
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Accomplishing the purpose |
Most respondents agree that it supported physical distancing and behavior change. Users report more positive than negative effects. This technology is feasible when used in the right circumstances. A short battery life is the most negative aspect. Few got infected during the 6-week production project, indicating a preventive potential of the strategy as a whole.
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Design aspects
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A purposefully annoying device |
Multiple respondents agree that the high-pitched alarm is needed for immediate behavioral adaption—this should be the standard setting. A discrete nudge would not be sufficient in the long term. There are indications that users might get desensitized even to a high-pitched sound. The sound can cause frustration, but few people experience fatigue.
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Timing, tone, and proximity |
Timing and proximity were satisfactory. The tone fulfills its purpose, but alternatives are requested by some. Alternatives for certain situations can involve other measures, such as a switching-off function or vibration.
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Additional functions |
Some are interested in tracking functions and additional data, but it is not deemed necessary. A battery charge indicator is requested. Some are negative to tracking for privacy reasons. The direct warning enables individual responsibility, which is the most valuable function.
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