. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Dec 13.

Published in final edited form as: Int Migr Rev. 2020 Mar 5;55(1):108–134. doi: 10.1177/0197918320905504

Table 2.

Comparison of Means between Cities and Gender with Social Isolation.

t-Tests
City	Means with Social Isolation			t	N	p
City	All	Men	Women	t	N	p
Chicago	6.41	6.43	6.39	.153	425	.878
Los Angeles	6.67	6.65	6.70	−.176	424	.861
Houston	6.84	7.02	6.69	1.16	439	.246
Phoenix	7.18	6.94	7.36	−.159	481	.132
ANOVA between Four Cities and Social Isolation
	Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	p
Between Groups	143.151	3	47.717	5.647	.001
Within Groups	14912.931	1765	8.449