Table 1.
Diagnostic Criteria |
||
---|---|---|
Pre-COPD | COPD | |
Spirometry post-bronchodilator | FEV1/FVC ⩾ 0.7 | FEV1/FVC < 0.7 |
and | and | |
Symptoms | Chronic bronchitis (cough and phlegm daily for 3 mo over 3 yr) | Chronic bronchitis, dyspnea, fatigue, comorbidities |
and/or | and/or | |
Function | DlCO < 80% predicted or FEV1 decline >40 ml/yr or PRISM | Low DlCO, PAH, lung hyperinflation, hypoxia, hypercapnia |
and/or | and/or | |
Structure | Emphysema (>5% in CT-measured algorithms or diagnosed visually), vascular remodeling | Emphysema, airways thickening, vascular remodeling |
Definition of abbreviations: CT = computed tomography; DlCO = diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide; PAH = pulmonary arterial hypertension; PRISM = preserved ratio impaired spirometry.