Table 1:
Characteristics of the respondents by area of Residence
| Characteristics | Total N=3744 | Urban N=1895 | Rural N=1849 | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Year) | 53.7 ± 10.3 | 52.2 ± 9.7 | 55.2 ± 10.7 | 0.000 |
| Age Group | 0.000 | |||
| 40-49Yrs | 1582 (42.3) | 900 (47.5) | 682 (36.9) | |
| 50-59Yrs | 1195 (31.9) | 586 (30.9) | 609 (33.0) | |
| >= 60 | 966 (25.8) | 409 (21.6) | 557 (30.1) | |
| Male | 1710 (45.7) | 862 (45.5) | 848 (45.9) | 0.818 |
| Occupation | 0.000 | |||
| Manual | 1147 (30.6) | 472 (24.9) | 675 (36.5) | |
| Non-Manuala | 2597 (69.4) | 1423 (75.1) | 1174 (63.5) | |
| Education ( year) | 4.0 ± 4.7 | 5.3 ± 5.3 | 2.8 ± 3.6 | 0.000 |
| Education Category | 0.000 | |||
| Illiterate | 1775 (47.4) | 786 (41.5) | 989 (53.5) | |
| Primary (1-5 years) | 802 (21.4) | 288 (15.2) | 514 (27.8) | |
| Secondary (6-10 years) | 808 (21.6) | 517 (27.3) | 291 (15.7) | |
| High educated (>11 years) | 359 (9.6) | 304 (16.0) | 55 (3.0) | |
| Income ‘000 Taka b | 16.4 ± 16.0 | 21.4 ± 15.9 | 11.3 ± 14.5 | 0.000 |
| Income Group | 0.000 | |||
| Low (<=10000tk) | 1781 (47.6) | 501 (26.5) | 1280 (69.2) | |
| Middle (10001-30000tk) | 1633 (43.7) | 1111 (58.7) | 522 (28.2) | |
| High (>=30001) | 326 (8.7) | 279 (14.8) | 47 (2.5) | |
| Body Mass Index in kg/m2 | 22.6 ± 4.7 | 24.5 ± 4.9 | 20.6 ± 3.6 | 0.000 |
| BMI Category | 0.000 | |||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 756 (20.1) | 197 (10.4) | 559 (30.2) | |
| Overweight (>=25 kg/m2) | 1059 (28.2) | 844 (44.5) | 209 (11.3) | |
| Smoking Status | 0.784 | |||
| Current Smoker | 848 (22.7) | 434 (22.9) | 414 (22.4) | |
| Former Smoker | 550 (14.6) | 284 (15.0) | 266 (14.4) | |
| Pack Year Smoked by Smokers | 19.7 ± 17.7 | 20.1 ± 19.0 | 19.3 ± 16.1 | 0.361 |
| Fuel Type | 0.000 | |||
| Clean Fuel | 1780 (48.7) | 1745 (96.4) | 35 (1.9) | |
| Biomass Fuel | 1874 (51.3) | 66 (3.6) | 1808 (98.1) | |
| History of Asthma | 282 (7.5) | 168 (8.9) | 114 (6.2) | 0.002 |
| Lung Function | ||||
| FVC (mean ± SD) | 2.55 ± 0.73 | 2.45 ± 0.70 | 2.64 ± 0.73 | 0.000 |
| FEV1 (mean ± SD) | 1.91 ± 0.59 | 1.88 ± 0.58 | 1.94 ± 0.60 | 0.001 |
| FEV1/FVC (mean ± SD) | 75.09 ± 10.82 | 76.75 ± 10.60 | 73.38 ± 10.77 | 0.000 |
Mean± SD
Numbers in the parenthesis are percentages.
a
Non-manual category included sedentary workers, professionals (e.g. doctors, teachers, etc.), housewives, retired persons, those unable to work and unemployed.
b
Bangladesh currency Taka 80.00 = USD 1.00