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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Sleep Med. 2022 Jun 14;21(3):291–303. doi: 10.1080/15402002.2022.2086871

Table 1.

Participant Demographic and Clinical Characteristics at Time of Survey Response

N=3,494
Gender
 Female 2,029 (65.4%)
 Male 905 (29.2%)
 Other 167 (5.4%)
Race
 American Indian or Alaska Native 26 (0.744%)
 Asian 69 (1.97%)
 Black 47 (1.35%)
 More than one race 369 (10.6%)
 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 2 (0.0572%)
 Unknown 442 (12.7%)
 White 2539 (72.7%)
Ethnicity (% Hispanic) 331 (9.5%)
Age (M±SD) 16.24 ± 1.09
Reported Diagnosis of Depression 1162 (33.3%)
Reported Diagnosis of Anxiety 1399 (40.0%)
PROMIS Depression T-score (M±SD) 64.37 ±11.48
PROMIS Depression Categories
 Moderate and Below (T-score < 65) 1494 (47.4%)
 Severe (T-score > 65) 1660 (52.6%)
PROMIS Anxiety T-score (M±SD) 57.85 ±13.50
PROMIS Anxiety Categories
 Moderate and Below (T-score < 65) 2165 (68.6%)
 Severe (T-score > 65) 990 (31.4%)
MESC Score (M±SD) 21.08 ±5.37
MESC Categories
 Morning Type (MESC ≥ 28) 803 (25.7%)
 Evening Type (MESC ≤ 23) 1551 (49.7%)
 Intermediate Type (24 ≤ MESC ≤ 27) 768 (24.6%)
PISI Score (M±SD)
 Before COVID-19 11.69 (5.91)
 During COVID-19 13.71 (6.68)
School Type Pre-COVID-19
 In-person 3317 (94.9%)
 Online 88 (2.5%)
 Home-school 68 (1.9%)
 Other 21 (0.6%)
DCI Quantiles
 Prosperous 1024 (32.5%)
 Comfortable 712 (22.6%)
 Mid-Tier 564 (17.9%)
 At-Risk 535 (17.0%)
 Distressed 320 (10.1%)

Note: PROMIS T-scores have a mean of 50 and SD of 10. T-scores of 50 and below = within normal limits, 50–55 = mild, 55–65 = moderate, and 65 and above = severe. DCI, Distressed Communities Index; MESC, Morningness Eveningness Scale for Children, scores range from 10–42, a score of ≤ 23 indicates evening preference, ≥ 24 and ≤ 27 indicates intermediate, and ≥ 28 indicates a morning preference; PISI, Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index, range 0–30, higher scores indicate greater insomnia symptoms.