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. 2022 Nov 30;9:986825. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.986825

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Kaempferol enhanced autophagy in podocytes in the kidneys of db/db mice. (A) Autophagosome formation was detected in kidneys by using TEM (6000×, bar = 2 μm and 12000×, bar = 1 μm), red arrows indicated autophagosomes. (B) IF analysis of the autophagosome marker LC3II and podocyte marker protein nephrin in kidney tissue. The tissues were stained with antibodies against LC3II (green) and nephrin (red). DAPI (blue) was used to stain the cellular nucleus (400×, n = 5). (C) WB assay and quantitative analysis of p62, Beclin1, LC3, and Atg7 expressions after Kaempferol treatment, β-actin was used as internal references; data from each group are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3) from three repeated WB experiments. (D) IHC assay and quantitative analysis of apoptosis-related protein: Atg5 (400×, n = 3). #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 vs. db/m mice; *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 vs. db/db mice; ns, not significant). TEM, Transmission electron microscopy; IF, Immunofluorescence; WB, Western blot.