. 2022 Dec 14;115(6):1790–1805. doi: 10.1093/jee/toac151

Table 3.

Summary bioassay data on Spodoptera frugiperda populations from Queensland and Western Australia, S. litura, and Helicoverpa armigera involving surface treatment of the diet with Bt toxins and products

Pesticide	Populations/ species	N	Slope	LC₅₀	95% CI	LC₉₉	95% CI	χ² (Degrees of Freedom)	P	Toxicity ratio (H. armigera= 1)
Cry1Ac (µg/cm²)	H. armigera	741	1.837 ± 0.126	0.025	0.021–0.029	0.465	0.316–0.773	31.66 (29)	0.334	-
	Sf20-1	504	0.827 ± 0.102	4.34	1.81–8.15	80.6	36.85–249.17	18.38 (19)	0.497	174
	Sf20-4	575	1.449 ± 0.149	2.48	1.79–3.29	85.34	53.32–159.68	17.77 (22)	0.720	99
	S. litura	501	1.626 ± 0.135	2.99	2.06–4.20	80.7	38.60–284.54	49.14 (19)	<0.001	120
Cry2Ab (µg/cm²)	H. armigera	476	1.501 ± 0.143	0.049	0.034–0.068	1.74	0.86–6.57	31.834 (18)	0.023	–
	Sf20-1	575	1.649 ± 0.136	0.655	0.435–0.951	16.88	7.24–86.01	86.222 (22)	<0.001	13
	Sf20-4	551	2.201 ± 0.246	0.178	0.138–0.221	2.03	1.33–4.94	39.076 21	0.010	4
	S. litura	859	1.197 ± 0.081	0.511	0.335–0.734	44.9	20.179–154.39	91.946 33	<0.001	10
Cry1F (µl/cm ²)	Sf20-1	576	1.531 ± 0.115	0.025	0.015–0.038	0.838	0.365–3.949	87.309 (22)	<0.001	–
	Sf20-4	575	1.809 ± 0.149	0.021	0.014–0.029	0.394	0.211–1.138	19.947 (22)	0.586	–
	S. litura	574	1.524 ± 0.121	0.0088	0.0069–0.011	0.294	0.187–0.535	58.968 (22)	<0.001	–
VIP3a (µl/cm ²)	H. armigera	763	1.486 ± 0.093	0.0062	0.0051–0.0075	0.230	0.140–0.400	33.738 (30)	0.291	–
	Sf20-1	619	1.881 ± 0.225	0.0021	0.0010–0.0031	0.049	0.021–0.257	68.846 (24)	<0.001	0.152
	Sf20-4	599	2.398 ± 0.212	0.0019	0.0016–0.0023	0.018	0.013–0.028	20.934 (23)	0.585	0.078
	S. litura	575	1.693 ± 0.129	0.00065	0.0005–0.0008	0.015	0.088–0.035	39.108 (22)	0.013	0.065
Dipel (IU/cm ²)	H. armigera	526	1.832 ± 0.154	2.11	1.59–2.72	39.2	22.43–92.76	33.878 (20)	0.007	–
	Sf20-1	644	1.832 ± 0.154	52.02	36.55–70.05	2612.6	1379.89–6752.99	29.258 (25)	0.253	24
	Sf20-4	574	1.703 ± 0.153	38.93	23.97–56.35	904.1	469.80–2779.63	53.767 (22)	0.002	18
	S. litura	788	1.426 ± 0.098	35.96	28.23–44.99	1540.8	916.66–3110.88	40.916 (31)	0.110	17
XenTari (DBM/cm²)	H. armigera	620	1.530 ± 0.136	5.95	4.69–7.40	197.2	118.7–398.3	23.051 (24)	0.516	–
	Sf20-1	647	2.375 ± 0.289	11.81	8.33–15.17	112.7	69.8–270.1	39.18 (25)	0.035	2
	Sf20-4	549	1.333 ± 0.180	19.01	9.27–29.8	1058.9	379.5–10739.7	43.25 (21)	0.003	3
	S. litura	741	2.375 ± 0.289	24.86	17.08–31.14	206.9	126.2–597.5	47.92 (29)	<0.001	4

S. frugiperda populations were from Walkamin, Queensland (Sf20-1) and Kununurra, Western Australia (Sf20-4); S. litura was from Mareeba Queensland, and Helicoverpa armigera was a laboratory ‘GR’ line. The concentration of each pesticide required to kill 50% and 99% of the test subjects (H. armigera, S. frugiperda, S. litura) are given as LC₅₀ (50% lethal concentration) and LC₉₉ (99% lethal concentration), respectively. 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for both LC₅₀ and LC₉₉ are also provided. Sample sizes (N) of H. armigera, S. litura, and the two S. frugiperda laboratory culture lines used in the bioassay tests are indicated. P-values (P) associated with the χ² tests are also provided.