Figure 1. Multimodal tension device with stretch capacity mimicking both in tension and frequency, exercising native human skeletal muscles on a micropatterned 3D stretchable platform.

The 3D stretchable platform is a single unit with sixteen culture wells each measuring 8mm x 8mm. The entire unit can be placed in a cell culture incubator in the laboratory and remotely controlled, and the cultured human skeletal muscle cells can be exposed to different physiochemical and biomechanical environments, to understand inactivity-induced human skeletal muscle myopathy. Silicone plate cell culture wells with a 0.25mm thick transparent bottom membrane (CellScale, Ontario, CA) on which our microphysiological 3D stretchable Poly-L-lysine-polydopamine (PDA)-coated parafilm membranes with micropatterned 10 µm groove spacings are attached. This setup allows uniaxial stretching and imaging in real time⁷.