| True virus origin and properties |
Verified information about the origin and characteristics of the virus (e.g., people of all ages could be infected by COVID-19). |
221 |
221 |
| False virus origin and properties |
Incorrect or unverified information about the origin and characteristics of the virus (e.g., COVID-19 is killed by hot climate). |
282 |
311 |
| True spread method |
Verified information about how the virus spreads between people (e.g., close contact). |
116 |
137 |
| False spread method |
Incorrect or unverified information about how the virus spreads among people (house flies and mosquito bites transmit COVID-19). |
242 |
269 |
| True prevention method |
A verified method to prevent or mitigate the chance of being infected by COVID-19. Examples include wearing a mask, social distancing, and washing hands. |
535 |
813 |
| False prevention method |
An incorrect or unverified method to prevent or mitigate the chance of being infected by COVID-19 (e.g., dust prevents the spread of COVID-19). |
85 |
91 |
| True vaccine info |
Correct information about COVID-19 vaccines and their effectiveness that has been verified by a competent authority such as FDA (e.g., COVID-19 vaccines provide strong protection against serious illness, hospitalization and death). |
278 |
278 |
| False vaccine info |
Incorrect or unverified information about COVID-19 vaccines and their effectiveness (e.g., the COVID-19 vaccine causes infertility). |
442 |
443 |
| True treatment or cure |
A method of treatment to reduce the symptoms or ease the pain in COVID-19 patients, such as getting plenty of sleep and liquids. This class also includes any treatment or cure method approved by competent authorities. |
68 |
69 |
| Fake treatment or cure |
Any treatment or cure that is not verified by a competent authority such as WHO, FDA, or CDC or any treatment or cure proved harmful (e.g., hydroxychloroquine and bleach). |
761 |
783 |
| True symptom |
A symptom that has appeared in COVID-19 patients (e.g., Fever, Dry cough, and Fatigue). |
112 |
180 |
| True governmental measure |
It is a measure that has already been taken by a government or an official authority, such as closing country borders, shops and worship places. |
397 |
397 |
| False governmental measure |
A measure that any government or official authority has not taken. |
120 |
120 |
| Conspiracy theory |
A conspiracy story such as the “virus is a bioweapon” and “Bill Gates is planning to microchip the world through COVID-19 vaccines.” |
312 |
320 |
| Hate and exclusion |
Offensive speeches or opinions that carry feelings of hate, racism, xenophobia, or blaming others caused by the epidemic (e.g., “China virus”). |
37 |
38 |
| Causing anxiety and fear |
Stories that cause anxiety and spread panic among people. |
176 |
229 |
| Marketplace rumors |
Rumors about products, brands, and companies related to the pandemic that could be harmful or confuse people and society. |
24 |
24 |
| Statistics |
Statistics about COVID-19, including casualties, deaths, people recovered etc. |
370 |
409 |
| Irrelevant |
The tweet cannot be classified under any of the classes above. |
2,104 |
2,104 |
|
Total
|
|
6,682 |
7,235 |
