Table 2.

Risk of bias in PSM studies (ROBINS-I)

Study	D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	Overall
Hong et al. [24]	Low	Moderate	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate
Li et al. [25]	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate
Li et al. [4]	Low	Moderate	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate
Roh et al. [30]	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate
Song et al. [27]	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate
Ye et al. [28]	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Isobe et al. [29]	Low	Moderate	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate

Domains:

D1: Bias due to confounding

D2: Bias in selection of participants into the study

D3: Bias in classification of interventions

D4: Bias due to deviations from intended interventions

D5: Bias due to missing data

D6: Bias in measurement of outcomes

D7: Bias in selection of the reported result