Table I.

Differential diagnosis for monkeypox disease and recommended co-testing

Diagnosis	Co-testing
Syphilis (primary, secondary)	Yes, RPR serology
Herpes simplex virus	Yes, HSV-1 and 2 lesional swab for NAAT
Disseminated gonorrhea	Yes, gonorrhea and chlamydia swab for NAAT
Molluscum contagiosum	No
Other poxvirus infection (eg, cowpox)	No
Lymphogranuloma venereum	No
Chancroid	No
Disseminated cryptococcus	Yes, HIV-1/HIV-2 serology

HSV, Herpes simplex virus; NAAT, nucleic acid amplification test; RPR, rapid plasma reagin.