Table 2.
Effect of the COVID-19 condition on the amount allocated in the Help-or-Harm task, by the identity of the recipient (domestic vs. foreign).
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identity of the recipient: | Domestic | Foreign | Asian | European Union | US | African |
| Panel A: Baseline controls | ||||||
| COVID-19 | -0.698 | -4.882 | -4.332 | -7.933 | -4.625 | -2.628 |
| p-value | [0.753] | [0.022] | [0.094] | [0.001] | [0.063] | [0.364] |
| p-value (MHT; 2 hypotheses) | [0.045] | |||||
| p-value (MHT; 17 hypotheses) | [0.755] | [0.202] | [0.459] | [0.008] | [0.398] | [0.797] |
| Panel B: No controls | ||||||
| COVID-19 | -1.277 | -4.842 | -4.478 | -7.144 | -5.110 | -2.628 |
| p-value | [0.558] | [0.025] | [0.076] | [0.002] | [0.039] | [0.349] |
| p-value (MHT; 2 hypotheses) | [0.044] | |||||
| p-value (MHT; 17 hypotheses) | [0.559] | [0.178] | [0.369] | [0.025] | [0.249] | [0.775] |
| Panel C: Additional controls | ||||||
| COVID-19 | -0.284 | -5.473 | -4.969 | -8.094 | -5.440 | -3.386 |
| p-value | [0.898] | [0.011] | [0.059] | [0.001] | [0.031] | [0.247] |
| p-value (MHT; 2 hypotheses) | [0.024] | |||||
| p-value (MHT; 17 hypotheses) | [0.889] | [0.118] | [0.348] | [0.004] | [0.217] | [0.623] |
| Panel D: Probability weights | ||||||
| COVID-19 | -2.740 | -5.726 | -6.131 | -6.127 | -8.298 | -2.344 |
| p-value | [0.337] | [0.049] | [0.071] | [0.039] | [0.011] | [0.536] |
| CONTROL mean | 133.5 | 94.1 | 91.4 | 107.1 | 78.9 | 99.2 |
| # Clusters | 2,186 | |||||
| Observations | 2,186 | 8,743 | 2,186 | 2,186 | 2,186 | 2,185 |
Notes: OLS. P-values reported in square brackets (robust standard errors clustered at an individual level in column 2 where multiple observations are used per individual). The dependent variable is the amount allocated in the Help-or-Harm task. In Panel A, each regression controls for gender, age category (6 categories), household size, number of children, region (14 regions), town size (7 categories), education (4 categories), economic status (7 categories), household income (11 categories) and task order. Panel B reports results from regressions without control variables. In Panel C, each regression controls for baseline controls (as in Panel A) and further controls for the variables approximating economic situation, mental health, Covid-19 symptoms and activities during the lockdown (see Supplementary Information 1.4 for the list and definition of variables). Panel D reports results of weighted OLS regressions with no controls, using probability weights to correct for the oversampling of respondents from large municipalities. We also report multiple hypothesis testing corrected p-values using a method developed by Barsbai et al. (2020). See Supplementary Information 1.6 for details on the procedure and the hypotheses tested.