TABLE 6.

EQ-5D-3L Analysis

Mixed-effects	Effects			P
	Estimate	2.5%	97.5%
Intercept	0.851	0.775	0.927	<0.001
FMI of paraspinal muscles (Goutallier grade ≥2)	−0.131	−0.198	−0.063	<0.001
Degeneration score total	−0.003	−0.013	0.006	0.467
Age	−0.001	−0.003	0.001	0.421
Female	−0.052	−0.089	−0.016	0.005
BMI	−0.008	−0.011	−0.004	<0.001
Duration of symptoms>6 mo	−0.031	−0.071	0.008	0.126
CIRS	−0.005	−0.010	−0.001	0.021
Problem getting worse in the last 3 mo before inclusion into study	−0.113	−0.153	−0.072	<0.001
HADS	−0.177	−0.224	−0.128	<0.001
Study visit at 12 mo	0.094	0.042	0.146	<0.001
Study visit at 24 mo	0.096	0.044	0.147	<0.001
Study visit at 36 mo	0.081	0.029	0.132	0.002
Surgery	−0.129	−0.195	−0.063	<0.001
Study visit at 12 mo: surgery	0.191	0.130	0.252	<0.001
Study visit at 24 mo: surgery	0.170	0.109	0.230	<0.001
Study visit at 26 mo: surgery	0.174	0.113	0.234	<0.001
FMI of paraspinal muscles (Goutallier grade ≥2): surgery	0.098	0.020	0.176	0.016

Bold values indicate statistical significance.

EQ-5D-3L range −0.53 to 1, worst to best; minimal clinically important difference=0.19.

BMI indicates body mass index; CIRS, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale; EQ-5D-3L, European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level Version; FMI, fatty muscle infiltration; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; SSM, Spinal Stenosis Measure.