Table 1.
Characteristics of literatures included in the meta-analysis.
| First author | Area | Study type | Observation period | Control group | Exposure data(T/C) | Control data(T/C) | Hp infection status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rodriguez et al 2006 | Britain | Case–control | 1994–2001 | Non-PPI users | 442/43 | 9851/464 | Not reported |
| Crane et al 2007 | America | Case–control | 1971–2000 | Non-PPI users | 11/2 | 231/119 | Not reported |
| Tamim et al 2008 | Canada | Case–control | 1995–2003 | Non-PPI users | 1299/234 | 6930/837 | Not reported |
| Poulsen et al 2009 | Denmark | Cohort | 1990–2003 | H2RA users | 18790/109 | 17478/52 | Partial eradication |
| Brusselaers et al 2017 |
Sweden | Cohort | 2005–2012 | H2RA users | 797067/2219 | 20210/12 | Partial infection |
| Wennerstrom et al2017 |
Denmark | Case-control | 1995–2011 | H2RA users | 1179202/1347 | 384658/703 | Not reported |
| Niikura et al 2017 |
Japan | Cohort | 1998–2017 | Non-PPI users | 118/13 | 415/8 | Total eradication |
| Niikura et al 2017 |
Japan | Cohort | 1998–2017 | H2RA users | 118/13 | 38/3 | Total eradication |
| Cheung et al 2018 |
China Hongkong | Cohort | 2003–2012 | Non-PPI users | 3271/19 | 60126/134 | Total eradication |
| Peng et al 2019 | China Taiwan | Case-control | 1996–2011 | H2RA users | 1693/- | 429/- | Not reported |
| Brusselaers et al 2019 |
Sweden | Cohort | 2005–2012 | H2RA users | 796492/- | N/A | Not reported |
| Lai et al 2019 | China Taiwan | Case-control | 2000–2013 | Non-PPI users | 539/308 | 759/341 | Partial infection |
| Lee et al 2020 | America | Case-control | 1996–2016 | Non-PPI users | 937/164 | 10839/1069 | Not reported |
| Liu et al 2020 | Britain (PCCIU) | Case-control | 1999–2011 | Non-PPI users | 1542/329 | 6513/1119 | Not reported |
| Liu et al 2020 | Britain (UK Biobank) | Cohort | 1999–2014 | Non-PPI users | 46146/44 | 425633/206 | Not reported |
| Seo et al 2021 | Korean (NHIS-CDM database) | Cohort | 2002–2013 | Non-PPI users | 11741/118 | 11741/40 | Partial eradication |
| Seo et al 2021 | Korean (NHIS-CDM database) | Cohort | 2002–2013 | H2RA users | 5067/9 | 5067/6 | Not reported |
| Seo et al 2021 | Korean (NHIS-NSC database) | Cohort | 2002–2013 | Non-PPI users | 3256/- | 3256/- | Total eradication |
| Kei-Yan Ng et al 2021 |
China Hongkong | Cohort | 2004–2017 | Non-PPI users | 6738/17 | 6738/7 | Partial eradication |
| Gingold-Belfer et al 2021 | Israel | Cohort | 2002–2016 | Non-PPI users | 11008/72 | 40397/125 | Not reported |
| Shin et al 2021 | Korean | Cohort | 2004–2015 | H2RA users | 38512/421 | 38512/396 | Partial eradication |
| Abrahami et al 2022 | Britain | Cohort | 1990–2018 | H2RA users | 973281/1166 | 198306/244 | Partial eradication |
PPI: proton pump inhibitor, H2RA: histamine 2 receptor antagonist, Hp: Helicobacter pylori, T: total number, C:cases.