Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants.
| All patients (n = 137) | Immunocompromised patients (n = 43) | Non-immunocompromised patients (n = 94) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, yr, mean +/- SD | 60 (+/- 16.5) | 64.77 (+/- 11.4) | 58 (+/- 18.1) | .071 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 58.4% | 62.8% | 56.4% | .576 |
| BMI, mean +/- SD | 27.1 (+/- 7) | 27.9 (+/- 8.8) | 26.8 (+/- 6.1) | .43 |
| Type of immunodepression, n (%) | / | |||
| Immunosuppressive drugs or steroids | 20 (14.6%) | 20 (46.5%) | 0 (0%) | / |
| Solid tumor | 17 (12.4%) | 17 (39.5%) | 0 (0%) | / |
| Hematological malignancy | 16 (11.7%) | 16 (37.2%) | 0 (0%) | / |
| Solid organ transplantation | 6 (4.4%) | 6 (13.95%) | 0 (0%) | / |
| Primary immune deficiency | 1 (0.7%) | 1 (2.33%) | 0 (0%) | / |
| Other comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease * | 76 (55.5%) | 29 (67.4%) | 47 (50%) | .085 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 49 (35.8%) | 14 (32.6%) | 35 (37.2%) | .735 |
| Diabetes | 35 (25.6%) | 7 (16.3%) | 28 (29.8%) | .141 |
| Obesity | 35 (27.8%) | 11 (29.7%) | 24 (27%) | .923 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 20 (14.6%) | 9 (20.9%) | 11 (11.7%) | .193 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean +/- SD | 4 (+/- 2.6) | 5.8 (+/- 2.4) | 3.1 (+/- 2.3) | < .001 |
| Performance status 0 - 2, n (%) | 122 (89.1) | 40 (90.9) | 82 (88.2) | .774 |
| Influenza vaccination | 28 (23.9%) | 8 (23.5%) | 20 (24.1%) | 1 |
| Characteristics at ICU admission | ||||
| Time from first symptoms, d, mean +/- SD | 5.3 (+/-4.5) | 6 (+/- 5) | 5 (+/- 4.3) | .309 |
| Type of virus | ||||
| Influenza A | 113 (82.5%) | 33 (76.7%) | 80 (85.1%) | .295 |
| Influenza B | 23 (16.8%) | 10 (23.3%) | 13 (13.8%) | |
| Influenza A + B | 1 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.1%) | |
| SAPS2, mean +/- SD | 38.4 (+/-17.4) | 42.1 (+/-16.4) | 36.8 (+/-17.7) | .064 |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio, mean +/- SD | 190.6 (+/-99.7) | 186.4 (+/-110.8) | 192.6 (+/-92.3) | .445 |
| Antiviral treatment, n (%) | 115 (83.9%) | 37 (86.1%) | 78 (83%) | .389 |
| Antibiotic treatment, n (%) | 129 (94.2%) | 39 (90.7%) | 90 (95.7%) | .258 |
| Respiratory support at ICU admission | ||||
| Standard oxygen | 77 (56.2%) | 30 (69.77%) | 47 (50%) | .048 |
| Noninvasive ventilation | 13 (9.49%) | 3 (6.98%) | 10 (10.65%) | .754 |
| High Flow Oxygen | 17 (12.41%) | 2 (4.65%) | 15 (15.96%) | .092 |
| Invasive Mechanical Ventilation | 30 (21.89%) | 8 (18.6%) | 22 (23.4%) | .658 |
BMI = Body mass index, FiO2 = fraction of inspired oxygen, PaO2 = arterial oxygen partial pressure, SAPS = simplified acute physiology score.
*
including hypertension.