Table 2.

Major reasons for admission, sex-dependent presentation, and mortality in patients with Whipple’s disease.

Reason for admission	Whipple’s disease (n = 490)	Male (n = 330)	Female (n = 160)	Deaths (n = 15)
Gastrointestinal disease	125 (25.5%)	90 (27.3%)	35 (21.9%)	0 (0.0%)
Whipple’s disease	55 (11.2%)
Esophagitis, gastroenteritis, or miscellaneous	20 (4.1%)
Abdominal pain	15 (3.1%)
GI obstruction	15 (3.1%)
GI hemorrhage	15 (3.1%)
Peritoneal adhesionolysis	5 (1.0%)
Systemic infection	65 (13.3%)	35 (10.6%)	30 (18.8%)	5 (33.3%)
Septicemia or sepsis.	55 (11.2%)
Infections with O.R. procedure	10 (2.0%)
Circulatory disease	55 (11.2%)	30 (9.1%)	25 (15.6%)	0 (0.0%)
Endovascular procedures, including valve replacement	20 (4.1%)
Myocardial infarction	10 (2.0%)
Musculoskeletal disease	50 (11.2%)	35 (10.6%)	15 (9.4%)	0 (0.0%)
Total joint replacement or revision.	20 (4.1%)
Hip and femur procedures (non-major-joint)	10 (2.0%)
Respiratory disease	40 (8.2%)	35 (10.6%)	5 (3.1%)	0 (0.0%)
Simple pneumonia and pleurisy	20 (4.1%)
Pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and/or mechanical ventilation.	10 (2.0%)
COPD.	10 (2.0%)
Nervous system disease	30 (6.1%)	20 (6.1%)	10 (6.3%)	5 (33.3%)
Cerebral infarction (including embolic)	10 (2.0%)
Metabolic encephalopathy/infectious meningoencephalitis	10 (2.0%)
Other reasons for admission	125 (25.5%)	85 (25.8%)	40 (25.0%)	5 (33.3%)

GI = gastrointestinal.