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. 2022 Nov 28;107(1):137–152. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-12302-5

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Fig. 1 — Microbial glycolipid congeners and SLES affect the viability human keratinocytes in a differential manner. HaCaT cells were treated with either 1% (v/v) methanol (V. ctrl) or 0–100 μg mL⁻.¹ of acidic SL, lactonic SL, mono-RL, di-RL, and SLES. Data are the mean results of three independent experiments; error bars represent standard error from the mean. Statistical significance was determined using a one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test (*p ≤ 0.05)