Comparison 1. Consumer‐provider versus professional staff.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Quality of life: Life satisfaction subscale (subjective)	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
2 Function: Daily activities subscale (subjective)	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
3 Social: Social relations subscale (subjective)	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
4 Symptoms	2	197	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.24 [‐0.52, 0.05]
5 Depression	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
5.1 Self‐report (BDI) at 10 weeks	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
5.2 Observer‐rated (HRSD) at 10 weeks	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
6 Satisfaction	2	213	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.22 [‐0.69, 0.25]
7 Client manager relationship	2	160	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.22 [‐0.10, 0.53]
8 Use of mental health services in 12 months	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
8.1 Rehabilitation services	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
8.2 Outpatient contacts	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
9 Attrition	3	331	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.80 [0.58, 1.09]
10 Service provision: Caseload/personnel			Other data	No numeric data
11 Service provision: Time allocation			Other data	No numeric data
12 Service provision: Location of services			Other data	No numeric data
13 Service provision: Case manager tasks			Other data	No numeric data
13.1 Service categories			Other data	No numeric data
13.2 Administrative			Other data	No numeric data
14 Crisis/emergency service	2		Std. Mean Difference (Random, 95% CI)	‐0.34 [‐0.60, ‐0.07]
15 Hospital admissions	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
16 Length of stay	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
17 Professional's attitude: client manager relationship	1		Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected