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. 2022 Oct 19;17(1):172–184. doi: 10.1038/s41396-022-01333-5

Fig. 6. Reconstruction of the host inflammatory response in the colonic mucosa after grain introduction.

Fig. 6

Histology (A) and mucosal thickness (B) of the colon. C Gene ontology (GO) analysis based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Upregulated GO terms are in red; unchanged GO terms are in green; downregulated GO terms are in blue. D Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs. bta04610, Complement and coagulation cascades; bta00140, Steroid hormone biosynthesis; bta03320, PPAR signaling pathway; bta04975, Fat digestion and absorption; bta04979, Cholesterol metabolism; bta04976, Bile secretion; bta00590, Arachidonic acid metabolism; bta00591, Linoleic acid metabolism. E DEGs related to complement system. MAC, membrane attack complex. Significantly different genes encoding enzymes involved in the related pathways are shown in red (upregulation in the grain-fed animals) and blue (downregulation in the grain-fed animals). z score = (up-down)/count^(1/2), wherein, up, down, and count respectively represent the number of upregulated, downregulated, total DEGs in related GO or KEGG terms.