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. 2022 Dec 1;13:1074153. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1074153

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Copyright © 2022 Wang, Lang, Zhang, Zhai, Zheng, Chen, Liu and Zheng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The PTS system enriched in the Core-20 community might trigger the immune response offering protection. (A) The Venn diagram was generated using OrthoVenn2. Results showed the number of shared orthologous clusters of protein-coding genes between artificial metagenomes. (B) Diagrammatic representation of the bacterial phosphotransferase signal transduction pathway (Mannose/fructose/sorbose family PTS system as an example). General phosphoryl and sugar transport reaction catalyzed by the PTS. Sugars are transported and concomitantly phosphorylated by the PTS. (C,D) In the genus Lactobacillus Firm-5, gene loci of mannose/fructose/sorbose family PTS system (C), shared in 4 strains or (D), unique to strains in the Core-20. Homologous genes are connected by gray bars. We found that W8173, W8093, and W8171, three stains specific to the Core-20, harbored their unique clusters of EIIA, EIIB, EIIC, and EIID, indicating that membrane-bound EII of phosphotransferase system could probably trigger an immune response.