Table 1.
Parameters characterizing geographic locations with GPS coordinates, altitude, mean and maximum depths and area of the 24 freshwater habitats studied by using CARD-FISH probes targeting all cryptophytes (CryptoB, [27]) and the CRY1 lineage (Cry1-652, [18]), presented on the basis of their increasing Chl-a concentrations and total phosphorus in epilimnetic water layers from ultra-oligotrophic to hypertrophic ones.
Lake/habitat | Country | Coordinates | Trophic state | Altitude (ASL) | Max depth (Zmax) | Mean depth (Zm) | Area (km2) | Chl-a (µg l−1) | Total P (µg l−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gossenköllesee (AL) | Austria | 47°13'46.0”N 11°00'50.0”E | Ultra-oligotrophic | 2417 | 9 | 4.7 | 0.015 | 0.39 | 1.2c |
Attersee (DPL)a | Austria | 47°52'00.0”N 13°32'00.0”E | Ultra-oligotrophic | 469 | 171 | 25 | 46.2 | 0.60 | 1.5c |
Motosu (DPL) | Japan | 35°27'50.3”N 138°35'01.9”E | Ultra-oligotrophic | 897 | 122 | 68 | 4.83 | 0.95 | 2–5d |
Medard (MPL)a | Czech Republic | 50°10'45.9”N 12°35'15.4”E | Oligotrophic | 400 | 50 | 24 | 4.90 | 1.24 | 6.8 |
Traunsee (DPL)a | Austria | 47°52'00.0”N 13°48'00.0”E | Oligotrophic | 423 | 191 | 95 | 24.4 | 1.51 | 2.6c |
Lago Maggiore (DPL)a | Italy | 45°58'00.0”N 8°39'00.0”E | Oligo-mesotrophic | 194 | 370 | 177 | 212.5 | 1.59 | 2.9c |
Thun (DPL)a | Switzerland | 46°41'00.0”N 7°43'00.0”E | Oligotrophic | 558 | 217 | 136 | 47.7 | 1.68 | 1.9c |
Sai (DPL) | Japan | 35°29'60.0”N 138°41'11.7”E | Oligotrophic | 900 | 71.7 | 34.8 | 2.10 | 1.94 | 3–8d |
Most (MPL)a | Czech Republic | 50°32'13.0”N 13°38'40.0”E | Oligo-mesotrophic | 199 | 75 | 23 | 3.09 | 2.08 | 7.8 |
Biwa (DTL) | Japan | 35°21'38.2”N 136°10'03.8”E | Oligo-mesotrophic | 80 | 104 | 45.5 | 674 | 2.86 | 5–9d |
Chūzenji (AL) | Japan | 36°44'12.2”N 139°28'56.8”E | Oligo-mesotrophic | 1269 | 163 | 95 | 11.5 | 2.86 | 3–9d |
Ikeda (CL) | Japan | 31°14'11.8”N 130°33'48.6”E | Oligo-mesotrophic | 88 | 233 | 125 | 11.0 | 3.11 | 3–6d |
Klíčava (DR)a,b | Czech Republic | 50°03'58.0”N 13°55'56.0”E | Oligo-mesotrophic | 269 | 35 | 13 | 0.53 | 4.53 | 13.3 |
Constance (DPL)a | Germany | 47°38'00.0”N 9°22'00.0”E | Mesotrophic | 395 | 252 | 100 | 536 | 4.60 | 2.9c |
Lugano (DPL)a | Switzerland | 45°59'00.0”N 8°58'00.0”E | Mesotrophic | 271 | 288 | 171 | 27.5 | 4.60 | 4.4c |
Milada (MPL)a | Czech Republic | 50°39'13.0”N 13°56'40.0”E | Mesotrophic | 146 | 25 | 14 | 2.52 | 5.80 | 20.4 |
Mondsee (DPL)a | Austria | 47°49'00.0”N 13°22'00.0”E | Mesotrophic | 483 | 68 | 34 | 14.2 | 7.21 | 4.8c |
Zurich (DPL)a | Switzerland | 47°18'00.0”N 8°34'00.0”E | Mesotrophic | 406 | 137 | 49 | 67.3 | 7.81 | 5.4c |
Římov (DR)a,b | Czech Republic | 48°50'54.7”N 14°29'26.6”E | Meso-eutrophic | 470 | 45 | 16 | 2.10 | 9.74 | 20.9 |
Žlutice (DR)a,b | Czech Republic | 50°05'18.0”N 13°07'40.0”E | Eutrophic | 511 | 21 | 7.7 | 1.38 | 11.8 | 21.2 |
Dehtář (SHL)b | Czech Republic | 49°00'28.8”N 14°17'58.0”E | Hypertrophic | 406 | 5.5 | 2.2 | 2.28 | 97.3 | 230 |
Kvítkovický (SHL)b | Czech Republic | 48°57'50.1”N 14°20'11.2”E | Hypertrophic | 424 | 3 | 1.1 | 0.24 | 174 | 250 |
Klec (SHL)b | Czech Republic | 49°05'26.9”N 14°45'59.4”E | Hypertrophic | 420 | 2 | 0.9 | 0.64 | 205 | 260 |
Rod (SHL)b | Czech Republic | 49°07'19.4”N 14°44'42.7”E | Hypertrophic | 430 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 0.22 | 224 | 360 |
Classification of hypertrophic shallow lakes follows the criteria suggested in Scheffer [36].
Lake classification: AL alpine lake, DPL deep prealpine lake, CL caldera lake, DTL deep tectonic lake, SHL shallow hypertrophic lake, MPL mine pit lake, DR dam reservoir.
aHabitats at which also hypolimnetic samples were analyzed (for details see Supplementary Table S1).
bHabitats at which bacterivory rates of total HNF and the probe-defined cryptophyte groups were studied using FLB tracers.
cTotal phosphorus (the last column) was detected as total dissolved phosphorus in the 0.2-µm filtered fraction or in unfiltered water samples (no index) at the sampling date.
dIn case neither was available, the annual range of total phosphorus values is listed for the epilimnion of the Japanese lakes recorded during 2015 [37].