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. 2022 Sep 24;17(1):36–46. doi: 10.1038/s41396-022-01321-9

Fig. 5. Pre-treatment to neutralize the stomach acid bottleneck with either sodium bicarbonate or proton pump inhibitor Lansoprazole dramatically increases intestinal founding population size independent of CFUs.

Fig. 5

A Growth of C. rodentium at gastric pH 3.5 and pH 7.0 over 20 h at 37 °C. Curve represents mean±SD of 3 biological replicates (average of 3 technical replicates). B Survival of C. rodentium in gastric pH 3.5 over the range of average gastric emptying time indicates an average loss of 53.1% of the population. Each point represents the average of 4–5 biological replicates (3 technical replicates per biological replicate). Error represents means ± SD. C Intestinal pH measurements in the stomach, small intestine, and cecum indicate that only gastric pH is altered after sodium bicarbonate and Lansoprazole pre-treatments (N = 5–8). D, E Mucosal and lumenal bacterial loads after antacid treatment at day 7 p.i. (N = 5–7). Legend applies to D–G. F–G Mucosal and lumenal Nb′ at day 7 p.i. (N = 5–7). Box plots show points with range. Laz, Lansoprazole. SB, sodium bicarbonate. Statistical analysis represents C) a two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test, and D–G a Mixed-effects model with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test.