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. 2022 Dec 1;9:1011159. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1011159

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The initiation of muscle contraction followed by the two primary pathways, calcium (Ca2+) calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV)/calcineurin A (CnA) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) that activate the PGC-1α gene which act to increase mitochondrial biogenesis (20). Created with Biorender.com.